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Borrelia burgdorferi
	Borrelia burgdorferi
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Prokaryotae;
Phylum:	Spirochaetes;
Class:	Spirochaetes;
Order:	Spirochaetales;
Genus:	Borrelia;
Species:	B. burgdorferi;
Binomial name
	Borrelia burgdorferi; Johnson et al. 1984 emend. Baranton et al. 1992

Main article: Lyme disease microbiology

Borrelia burgdorferi is a species of Gram negative bacteria of the spirochete class of the genus Borrelia. B. burgdorferi is predominant in North America, but also exists in Europe, and is the agent of Lyme disease.

It is a zoonotic, vector-borne disease transmitted by ticks and is named after the researcher Willy Burgdorfer who first isolated the bacterium in 1982.^[1] B. burgdorferi is one of the few pathogenic bacteria that can survive without iron, having replaced all of its iron-sulfur cluster enzymes with enzymes that use manganese, thus avoiding the problem many pathogenic bacteria face in acquiring iron.

B. burgdorferi infections have been linked to non-Hodgkin lymphomas.^[2]

B. burgdorferi (B31 strain) was the third microbial genome ever sequenced, following the sequencing of both H.influenzae and M.genitalium in 1995, and contains 910,725 base pairs and 853 genes.^[3] The sequencing method used was whole genome shotgun. The sequencing project, completed and published in Nature in 1997, was conducted at The Institute for Genomic Research.

[edit] References

^ Burgdorfer, Willy (1982). "Lyme disease-a tick-borne spirochetosis?,". Science 216 (4552): 1317–1319. doi:10.1126/science.7043737. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7043737.
^ Guidoboni M, Ferreri AJ, Ponzoni M, Doglioni C, Dolcetti R (2006). "Infectious agents in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type lymphomas: pathogenic role and therapeutic perspectives". Clinical lymphoma & myeloma 6 (4): 289–300. doi:10.3816/CLM.2006.n.003. PMID 16507206.
^ Fraser, CM; Casjens, S; Huang, WM; Sutton, GG; Clayton, R; Lathigra, R; White, O; Ketchum, KA et al. (1997). "Genomic sequence of a Lyme disease spirochaete, Borrelia burgdorferi". Nature 190 (6660): 580–586. doi:10.1038/37551. PMID 9403685. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=9403685&dopt=AbstractPlus. Retrieved 2007-10-26.

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

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[science1982-0] Burgdorfer, Willy (1982). "Lyme disease-a tick-borne spirochetosis?,". Science 216 (4552): 1317–1319. doi:10.1126/science.7043737. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7043737.

[Guidoboni_2006-1] Guidoboni M, Ferreri AJ, Ponzoni M, Doglioni C, Dolcetti R (2006). "Infectious agents in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type lymphomas: pathogenic role and therapeutic perspectives". Clinical lymphoma & myeloma 6 (4): 289–300. doi:10.3816/CLM.2006.n.003. PMID 16507206.

[nature1997-2] Fraser, CM; Casjens, S; Huang, WM; Sutton, GG; Clayton, R; Lathigra, R; White, O; Ketchum, KA et al. (1997). "Genomic sequence of a Lyme disease spirochaete, Borrelia burgdorferi". Nature 190 (6660): 580–586. doi:10.1038/37551. PMID 9403685. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=9403685&dopt=AbstractPlus. Retrieved 2007-10-26.

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