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Ornamental oil derricks in Kilgore, Texas

A boomtown is a community that experiences sudden and rapid population and economic growth. The growth is normally attributed to the nearby discovery of a precious resource such as gold, silver, or oil, although the term can also be applied to communities growing very rapidly for different reasons, such as a proximity to a major metropolitan area, huge construction project, attractive climate, or popular attraction.

The Gold rush of the American Southwest is the most famous example of boomtown creation, as towns would seemingly sprout up from the desert around what was thought to be valuable gold mining country. In the late 19th century and the early 20th century boomtowns called mill towns would quickly arise due to sudden expansions in the timber industry that would last for a decade or so. Fort McMurray in Canada is a modern-day example of a resource-generated boomtown, as extraction of nearby oilsands requires a vast number of employees. A second modern example is Johannesburg in South Africa.

[edit] Attributes

San Francisco in 1851, during the heyday of the California gold rush.

Boomtowns are typically characterized as "overnight expansions" in both population and money as people stream into the community for high-paying jobs, mining prospects, attractive amenities or climate, or other opportunities. Typically, newcomers are drawn by high salaries; meanwhile, numerous indirect businesses develop to cater to workers often eager to spend their large paychecks. Often, boomtowns are the site of both economic prosperity and negative social disruption as the local culture and infrastructure struggles to accommodate the waves of new residents.

Boomtowns are typically extremely dependent on the single activity or resource that is causing the (e.g. nearby mine, mill or resort), and when the resources are depleted or the resource economy undergoes a “bust” (e.g. catastrophic resource price collapse), boomtowns can often decrease in size as fast as they initially grew. Sometimes, all or nearly the entire population can desert the town, resulting in a ghost town.

This can often be on a planned basis. Mining companies nowadays will create a temporary community to service a mine-site, building all the accommodation shops and services, and then remove it as the resource is worked out.

It is worth noting that there is confusion between "Boomtown" and "Boontown". If you look at demographics within use, you would see rural pronunciation as "Boon" and urban areas as "Boom". It may be used variably, depending on population location. Argument for "Boon" can also be seen through its verb "To Boon" or "To be a Boon to something". This originates from the backcountry and should thus be perhaps pronounced accordingly, as a Boontown, perhaps.

These are towns that boon, not towns that boom, because in fact, the town would need to linguistically "go boom", which indicates destruction, moreso than the supposed and widely accepted yet slanted magic appearance of a thriving town. It derives from boon, at least. And over time, the NT changes into MT. booNTown to booMTown. People accepted this change because, metaphorically it could work.

[edit] Examples of boomtowns

• Winster, Derbyshire, England (17th Century lead mining community)
• Rochester, New York, USA (starting in the 1820s, with the opening of the Erie Canal)
• Lake Oswego, Oregon, USA
• Bodie, California, USA
• Brisbane, Australia
• Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada
• Fisherville British Columbia, Canada (Gold Rush Boom Town of 1864-1865)
• Calgary, Alberta, Canada (during the 1970s oil boom in the province of Alberta)
• Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
• Brantford, Ontario, Canada
• Kirkland Lake, Ontario, Canada
• Graysonia, Arkansas, USA
• Rosboro, Arkansas, USA
• San Luis, Arizona, USA
• Tombstone, Arizona, USA
• St. Joseph, Florida, USA
• Sioux City, Iowa, USA
• Harrisburg, Illinois, USA
• Caldwell, Kansas, USA
• Dodge City, Kansas, USA
• Atlanta, Georgia, USA (quickly established itself as an economic hotspot in the years following the civil war)
• Ellsworth, Kansas, USA
• Detroit, Michigan, USA
• Flint, Michigan, USA
• Hancock, Michigan, USA
• Houghton, Michigan, USA
• Jackson, Michigan, USA
• Butte, Montana, USA
• Colstrip, Montana, USA
• Virginia City, Nevada, USA
• Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
• Deadwood, South Dakota, USA
• Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
• Beaumont, Texas, USA
• Belleville, California, USA Gold mining boomtown, 1860-1870
• Borger, Texas, USA
• Burkburnett, Texas, USA
• Desdemona, Texas, USA
• Odessa, Texas, USA
• El Paso, Texas, USA
• Kilgore, Texas, USA
• Richland, Washington, USA
• Jeffrey City, Wyoming, USA
• Gillette, Wyoming, USA
• Cromwell, Oklahoma, USA
• Akron, Ohio, USA
• Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
• Dayton, Ohio, USA
• Youngstown, Ohio , USA
• Elliot Lake, Ontario, USA
• San Francisco, California, USA
• Sacramento, California, USA
• Gary, Indiana, USA
• Nome, Alaska, USA
• Fairbanks, Alaska, USA (During the Klondike Gold Rush and the building of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline)
• Shenzhen, China
• Dubai, UAE
• Dublin, Ireland
• Johannesburg, South Africa
• Kimberley, South Africa
• Aberdeen, Scotland
• Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
• Denver, Colorado
• Milton Keynes, UK
• Melbourne, Australia (During the Victorian Gold Rush)