Blowout fracture
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	S02.3

A blowout fracture is a fracture of the walls or floor of the orbit. Intraorbital material may be pushed out into one of the paranasal sinuses. This is most commonly caused by blunt trauma of the head, generally personal altercations. Orbital floor fractures were investigated and described by MacKenzie in Paris in 1844^[1] and the term "blow out fracture" was coined in 1957 by Smith & Regan,^[2] who were investigating injuries to the orbit and resultant inferior rectus entrapment, by placing a hurling ball on cadaverous orbits and striking it with a mallet. The force of a blow to the orbit is dissipated by a fracture of the surrounding bone, usually the orbital floor and/or the medial orbital wall. Serious consequences of such injury include diplopia in downgaze where there is significant damage to the orbital floor.

Contents 1 Causes 2 See also 3 References 4 External links

[edit] Causes

Common medical causes of orbital fracture may include:

• Direct orbital blunt injury
• Sports' injury (squash ball, tennis ball etc.)
• Motor vehicle accidents

[edit] See also

• Fracture

[edit] References

v • d • e Injury : Fractures (Sx2, 800-829) General Avulsion fracture · Greenstick fracture · Salter-Harris fractures Head Skull fracture · Basilar · Blowout Vertebral Cervical · Jefferson · Hangman's · Flexion teardrop · Extension teardrop · Clay-shoveler · Burst · Compression · Wedge · Chance · Hyperextension fracture dislocation Ribs Rib fracture · Flail chest · Sternal Shoulder, arm and hand Clavicle · Humerus (Supracondylar) · Monteggia · Galeazzi · Colles' · Smith's · Barton's · Scaphoid · Rolando · Bennett's · Boxer's · Distal radius · Scapular Hip, leg and foot Hip fracture · Patella fracture · Calcaneal fracture tibia · fibula tibia: Bumper, Segond · fibula: Maisonneuve · both: Trimalleolar, Bimalleolar, Pott's metatarsal Lisfranc · Jones · March Bone and cartilage navboxes: anat / physio / dev, noncongen / congen / neoplasia, symptoms+signs / eponymous signs, proc

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[edit] External links

• CT Scans of Blowout Fracture from MedPix