The Beers Criteria (or Beers List) is a list of medications that are generally considered inappropriate when given to elderly people. For a wide variety of individual reasons, the medications listed tend to cause side effects in the elderly due to the physiologic changes of aging. The list was originally created by geriatrician Mark H. Beers.[1] The criteria were created through consensus of a panel of experts by using the Delphi method; they were originally published in the Archives of Internal Medicine in 1991[2] and were most recently updated in 2003.[3]
[edit] Revised list
The 2003 revised list is as follows:[3]
- alprazolam (Xanax)
- amiodarone (Cordarone)
- amitriptyline (Elavil
- amphetamines
- anorexic agents
- barbiturates
- belladonna alkaloids (Donnatal)
- bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
- carisoprodol (Soma)
- cascara sagrada
- chlordiazepoxide (Librium, Mitran)
- chlordiazepoxide-amitriptyline (Limbitrol)
- chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)
- chlorpropamide (Diabinese)
- chlorzoxazone (Paraflex)
- cimetidine (Tagamet)
- clidinium-chlordiazepoxide (Librax)
- clonidine (Catapres)
- clorazepate (Tranxene)
- cyclandelate (Cyclospasmol)
- cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
- cyproheptadine (Periactin)
- desiccated thyroid
- dexchlorpheniramine (Polaramine)
- diazepam (Valium)
- dicyclomine (Bentyl)
- digoxin (Lanoxin)
- diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- dipyridamole (Persantine)
- disopyramide (Norpace, Norpace CR)
- doxazosin (Cardura)
- doxepin (Sinequan)
- ergot mesyloids (Hydergine)
- estrogens
- ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)
- ferrous sulfate (iron)
- fluoxetine (Prozac)
- flurazepam (Dalmane)
- guanadrel (Hylorel)
- guanethidine (Ismelin)
- halazepam (Paxipam)
- hydroxyzine (Vistaril, Atarax)
- hyoscyamine (Levsin, Levsinex)
- indomethacin (Indocin, Indocin SR)
- isoxsuprine (Vasodilan)
- ketorolac (Toradol)
- lorazepam (Ativan)
- meperidine (Demerol)
- meprobamate (Miltown, Equanil)
- mesoridazine (Serintil)
- metaxalone (Skelaxin)
- methocarbamol (Robaxin)
- methyldopa (Aldomet)
- methyldopa-hydrochlorothiazide (Aldoril)
- methyltestosterone (Android, Virilon, Testrad)
- mineral oil
- naproxen (Naprosyn, Avaprox, Aleve)
- Neoloid
- nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat)
- nitrofurantoin (Microdantin)
- orphenadrine (Norflex)
- oxaprozin (Daypro)
- oxazepam (Serax)
- oxybutynin (Ditropan)
- pentazocine (Talwin)
- perphenazine-amitriptyline (Triavil)
- piroxicam (Feldene)
- promethazine (Phenergan)
- propantheline (Pro-Banthine)
- propoxyphene (Darvon) and combination products
- quazepam (Doral)
- reserpine (Serpalan, Serpasil)
- temazepam (Restoril)
- thioridazine (Mellaril)
- ticlopidine (Ticlid)
- triazolam (Halcion)
- trimethobenzamide (Tigan)
- tripelennamine
[edit] References
- ^ "Mark H. Beers, 54, Expert on Drugs Given to Elderly, Dies". The New York Times. March 9, 2009. Accessed March 10, 2009.. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/10/health/10beers.html.
- ^ Beers MH (July 28, 1997). "Explicit criteria for determining potentially inappropriate medication use by the elderly". Archives of Internal Medicine 157: 1531–1536. http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/157/14/1531?ijkey=ca348beb593ee0fa8eabfbca759f515a83291837&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha.
- ^ a b Fick DM, Cooper JW, Wade WE, Waller JL, Maclean JR, Beers MH (December 8, 2003). "Updating the Beers criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults: results of a US consensus panel of experts". Archives of Internal Medicine 163: 2716–2724. http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/163/22/2716.
[edit] Sources
