The Bakersfield Sound was a genre of country music developed in the mid- to late 1950s in and around Bakersfield, California. Bakersfield country was a reaction against the slickly-produced, string orchestra-laden Nashville Sound, which was becoming popular in the late 1950s. Buck Owens and the Buckaroos and Merle Haggard and the Strangers are the most successful artists of the original Bakersfield sound era.

Contents 1 History 1.1 Buck Owens and The Buckaroos 1.2 Other Successful Artists 1.3 Venues Supporting Bakersfield Sound 1.4 Local Musicians Continue Tradition 1.5 Continued Support 2 External links 3 References

[edit] History

The Bakersfield sound was developed at honky-tonk bars such as The Blackboard, and on local television stations in Bakersfield and throughout California in the 1950s and 1960s. Rockwell's "Trout's & The Blackboard Stages is the last of the remaining legendary Honky-Tonks.(Hosting over 120 scheduled activities per month) Known also as "Rockwell's Opry," the legendary sounds are not just being archived through an on-site recording studio, but also a state of the art television recording center, 3 stages, two dance floors and the only country music opry/venue in America hosting live country music 365 days a year pair with a second stage that hosts karaoke 365 days a year. Rockwell uses this karaoke a secondary format as a stepping stone to for the community to become more involved in the Bakersfield Sound music scene. The town, known mainly for agriculture and oil production, was the destination for many Dust Bowl migrants and others from Oklahoma, Texas, Arkansas, and other parts of the South. The mass migration of "Okies" to California also meant that their music would follow and thrive, finding an audience in California's Central Valley. One of the first groups to make it big on the west coast was the Maddox Brothers and Rose, who were the first to wear outlandish costumes and make a "show" out of their performances.

Bakersfield country was a reaction against the slickly-produced, string orchestra-laden Nashville Sound, which was becoming popular in the late 1950s. Artists like Wynn Stewart used electric instruments and added a backbeat, as well as other stylistic elements borrowed from rock and roll. In 1954 Bud Hobbs MGM recording artist, recorded "Louisiana Swing" with Buck Owens on lead guitar, Bill Woods on Piano and dual fiddles of Oscar Whittington and Jelly Sanders. "Louisiana Swing" was the first song recorded in the style known today as the legendary "Bakersfield Sound." In the early 1960s, Merle Haggard and Buck Owens and the Buckaroos, among others, brought the Bakersfield sound to mainstream audiences, and it soon became one of the most popular kinds of country music, also influencing later country stars such as Dwight Yoakam, Marty Stuart, The Mavericks, and The Derailers.

Two important British Invasion-era rock bands also displayed some Bakersfield influences. The Beatles recorded a popular version of Owens' Act Naturally. Years later, The Rolling Stones made their connection explicit in the lyrics of the very Bakersfield-sounding Far Away Eyes, which begins: "I was driving home early Sunday morning, through Bakersfield ...".

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The Bakersfield Sound has such a large influence on the West Coast music scene that many small guitar companies set up shop in Bakersfield in the 1960's. The biggest of significance was the Mosrite guitar company that still influences rock, country, and jazz music to this day. The famed Mosrite company was stationed in Bakersfield until the death of the company's founder, Oildale resident Semie Moseley, in 1992.

[edit] Buck Owens and The Buckaroos

Buck Owens and the Buckaroos developed it further, incorporating different styles of music to fit his music tastes. The music style features a raw set of twin Fender Telecasters with a picking style (as opposed to strumming), a big drum beat, and fiddle, with an occasional "in your face" pedal steel guitar. The Fender Telecaster was originally developed for country musicians to fit in with the Texas/Western Swing style of music that was popular in the Western US following World War II. The music, like Owens, was rebellious for its time and is dependent on a musician's individual talents and spirit, as opposed to the elaborate orchestral production common with Nashville style country music. Bakersfield Sound musicians perform in the studio as they do on stage, with the same instruments and style they use every day, and do not depend on elaborate studio production techniques when recording their music.

[edit] Other Successful Artists

Buck Owens and the Buckaroos, as well as Merle Haggard and the Strangers are the most successful artists of the original Bakersfield Sound era. Love of the Bakersfield Sound has never died, carried on by artists such as Gram Parsons and The Flying Burrito Brothers in the 1960s-70s, Highway 101, The Desert Rose Band, and Marty Stuart in the 1980s and '90s, and Big House, Dwight Yoakam, Dave Alvin, The Derailers, The Mavericks, Dale Watson, Brad Paisley, Dave Gleason and many more in recent decades. To one degree or another, most of today's successful country acts depend on The Nashville West or Bakersfield Sound revival style for their success. The magazines No Depression and Blue Suede News regularly feature Bakersfield Sound enthusiasts, while podcasts such as Radio Free Bakersfield carry on the tradition online.

[edit] Venues Supporting Bakersfield Sound

One of the last real Bakersfield honky-tonk style bar is Trout's Nightclub and Saloon in Oildale just north of Bakersfield. Trout's recently added a new room addition & stage called "the Blackboard," named after one of Bakersfield's most famous and infamous honky-tonks. Trout's & The Blackboard Stages have now added a 3rd stage tributing the honky-tonk called "The Lucky Spot." Template:Rockwell has also incorporated an onsite music and television studios. Trout's, know also as "Rockwell's Opry" has evolved to host more live country music and community activities than any opry hall/country & Wester club in America, playing host to well over 120 scheduled activities per month. Playing host to even weddings, class reunion & large corporate functions to women's self defense and CCW permit certification and CPR courses. rated also as Template:Extremely affordable. Buck Owens' "Crystal Palace" hosts approximately 5 events a week, {children friendly} is the largest and most expensive local country-western venue, hosting the biggest touring acts. Fishlips has another local stage that hosts Bakersfield Sound live music acts.

[edit] Local Musicians Continue Tradition

Musicians from Bakersfield's musical golden era who are still playing locally include Red Simpson and Tommy Hays. Newer local artists who are grounded in the old style but add rock and roll and rockabilly include Monty Byrom, Johnny Retsched and the Fabulous Martini Brothers, Fattkatt and the Von Zippers, Hot Taco's Chuck Seaton, The Ridge Route Romeos, and The Dusk Devils. 800 Lb. Gorilla mixes the Bakersfield Sound with cowpunk in the style of Hank III, while traditionalists Bobby Durham play regularly at Trout's.

Bakersfield singer/songwriters (the late) Slim the Drifter, Steve Davis and Stampede, Terry Hanson, Meestro and Dr. BLT (a prolific, frequently aired songwriter, and regular call-in guest on the radio show Bakersfield and Beyond), represent a new direction in the evolution of the Bakersfield sound, fusing old and modern styles and reaching for new creative territory, while remaining faithful to the Bakersfield sound tradition.

Bakersfield Sound Underground http://www.bakersfieldsoundunderground.com

is a blog site run by Dr BLT that features interviews, Bakersfield-Sound-related news items and local music events, and introduces a wide variety of relevant topics of discussion.

Bakersfield Sound Underground (BSU) also seeks to bridge generation gaps, and encourage experimentational fusion between the music of the original Bakersfield Sound and new sounds and songs ushered in by current, up-and-coming Bakersfield-sound-grounded artists.

Recordings reflecting cross-generational experimentation include recording collaborations between artists such as Kim McAbee, Dr BLT, FattKatt and the Von Zippers, Brian Benson, and Mark Yeary (formerly of Merle Haggard and the Strangers).

[edit] Continued Support

Continuing supporters of Bakersfield's historical and new-country musical tradition include author Gerald Haslam, Glenn Pogatchnik and Bob Timmers of Rockabilly Hall of Fame, Bakersfield Californian columnist Robert Price, Bakersfield musician and writer Matt Munoz of Bakotopia and Mento Buru, Tom Rockwell and Aaron Lasky, who promote Bakersfield Sound and Trout's activities, local writer N.L. Belardes, and Sharon Marie, daughter of Bakersfield Western singer and entertainer Carolina Cotton. ^[1]

KWMR (90.5 FM), located in Point Reyes Station, California, hosts a radio program called "Bakersfield and Beyond"^[2] every other Thursday evening. The format is based around the classic Bakersfield Sound, and also features up-and-coming artists who pay tribute to the sound.

[edit] External links

• Original site of Buck Owens Studios to close on 4/1/08
• Americana Music News, Reviews, Interviews and Podcast Shows
• Updated information on Bakersfield roots musicians in Bakersfield and elsewhere
• comprehensive newspaper series, written by journalist Robert Price, The Bakersfield Californian.

[edit] References

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