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Esthetician Schools, Esthetics Schools, Esthetician School, Esthetics... imajschool.org |
Huang Xianfan (simplified Chinese: 黄现璠; traditional Chinese: 黄現璠; pinyin: Huáng Xiànfán; Wade-Giles: Huáng Hsiènfán; November 13, 1899–January 18, 1982) was a Chinese famous historian, ethnologist and educator. A scholar with both ancient and modern knowledge. His work "Brief History of Zhuang Nationality" is the first systematic research on the history of Zhuang nationality in China.[1] and book Nong Zhi Gao is the first research on the historical personage of zhuang nationality in China[2]. The General History of the Zhuang is the first research on the history of zhuang nationality and The "Bagui School" he created is the first ethnic school in China.[3]
[edit] BiographyProfessor Huang Xianfan was born on the 13th of November 1899 from the Qujiu town of Fusui county, Guangxi province,China. His family was Zhuang nationality. In 1922,he entered Guangxi Third Normal college. In 1926, he entered Beijing Normal University and was taught by the famous tutor Chen Yuan and Qian Xuantong.It was there through nine years time he had completed his diploma, bachelor and postgraduate courses. In 1935, he went to Japan and studied in Tokyo Imperial University （Now called University of Tokyo）and was taught by the famous Japanese historian tutors,He Tian Qing and Jia Teng Fan. In November 1937 he returned to China to teach history as a professor in Guangxi 、Sun Yat-sen University as well as in Guilin and Guangxi Normal University.he was the first university professor of zhuang nationality in china.[4] During his academic career, he was assigned as a resercher in Guangxi Educational Institute, a prog, a dean of Chinese department, and a curator in Guangxi University.He had also worked as a director of the library in Guangxi Normal University. When the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949, Professor Huang Xianfan was elected as a director of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries in its first congress. He was then the only representative from Guangxi cultural and educational circles .After 1954, he was elected as a representative of the first National People's Congress ,a committeeman of Ethnic Affairs Committee of NPC, and a committeeman of International Culture Liaison Committee of CPC. Meanwhile, he had also been elected as a committeeman of the People's Government of Guixi Zhuang Nationnality Autonomous Region and the committeeman of the Council of Guangxi province. On the 1st of February 1958, a resolution was made in the fifth session of the first National People's Congress, that Mr. Fei Xiaotong, Huang Xianfan and Ou Bai Chuan were removed from their memberships of the Ethnic Committee of NPC. [5] They were wrongly designated as the big bourgeois rightists in Chinese history circles. In 1979, the Chinese government has corrected all the wrong identities of the so-called bourgeois rightists. Professor Huang Xianfan was then posted as a counselor of Chinese Ethnic Association, an ethnic editor for«Chinese Encyclopaedia»,a counselor of Institute for Studies on Chinese South-West Minorities, and a vice-chairman of institute for studies on Chinese Bai-Yue Ethnic History. Later on he was elected as a committee member of the fifth congress of CCPPCC,and during this period, he had assisted Chinese government with a lot of corrections for the wrong political cases. During his lifetime, professor Huang Xianfan had worked in many Universities and taught a lot of students. In his later years, he had founded Li Jiang Sparetimecollege, and worked as the head of this college.In November 1999, Guangxi Normal University had held a grand forum on professor Huang Xian Fan’s hundred years birthday. After the forum, the university edited and published two books——«the thesis on the memory of professor Huang Xianfan's hundred years birthday» and «the introduction on Chinese ancient books—written by professor Huang Xianfan». Now Guangxi Normal University and Guilin high school have established their scholarships in memory of professor Huang Xian Fan. [edit] Academic research activities[edit] During anti japanese warProfessor Huang Xianfan formed an investigation group of the border region of Guizhou-Guangxi in August 1943,and worked as the head of this group.Again in April 1945,as a leader he formed a another investigation group of South Guizhou borderers.They conducted a lot of academic research in ethnic areas of Guizhou and Guangxi.By doing this,professor Huang became a pioneer of ethnic residence investigations. [edit] During period of Guangxi UniversityIn June 1951,professor Huang Xianfan joined in central governments ethnic mission led by professor Fei Xiaotong(professor Huang was vice leader and in Guangxi sub-group of the middle-south delegation). They went to Guangxi ethnic areas for condolences and investigations. In March 1952,he went with his students to areas of Duan,Donglan and Nandan for investigation.In the summer of this year,They went to Chongzuo,Debao,Jingxi and LongLuo of Fusui for field investigation. They had collected a lot of historical relics from local headmen,which including materials of Long Zhi Gao's uprising and the anti-qing dynasty movement led by Wu Lingyun and his son.In June 1953,professor Huang formed a historical relics investigation group from cultural education bureau of the People’s Government of Guixi Zhuang Nationnality Autonomous Region in Guangxi University.As a leader, he led the group members to Nandan,Tiane,Hechi,Luocheng and Yicheng, They visited and investigated Yao,Maonan,Miao,Zhuang and Mulao minorities ,and had collected a lot of historical relics and materials. [edit] During period of Guangxi Normal UniversityIn March 1954,professor Huang went to Gui county to make a field investigation and collect Zhuang ethnic's living condition and historical and revolutionary materials of Huang Dingfeng and taiping rebellions that took place in Gui county . on the 19th of April 1954, under the instruction of Peng Zhen, a resolution was made at the March 31st's conference, the Ethnic Committee of NPC made a document of «primary scheme of investigation and research work on Chinese ethnics social and historical conditions in minorities areas». They decided to form several groups to investigate Chinese ethnics social and historical conditions,Yunnan group was led by Fei Xiaotong, Liu Guanying, joined by Fang Guoyu. Sichuan group led by Xia Kongnong,joined by Yang Xing and Hu Qingjun. North-west group led by Feng Jiasheng,joined by Chen Yongling.Guizhou group led by Wu ZeLing，joined by Liang Oudi.Guangdong and Hai Nan group led by Chen Jiawu. Guangxi group led by Huang Xianfan, Mo Qing.Xinjiang group led by Xinjiang working committee,joined by Li Youyi and Li Youzhai. Nei Meng and North-east group led by Qiu Pu and Weng Dujian.In the same year of August professor Huang took part in forming a group of investigation on Guangxi ethnics social history.He was vice group leader and head of Zhuang ethnic group,responsible for the whole group's academic investigation work.He led the group making a largest and deepest investigation on ethnic history and traditional culture in Guangxi history.They had collected a lot of valuable materials and laid a foundation for further research on Zhuang ethnic social and historical culture.That was a very important beginning for later development of Zhuang ethnic research and establishment of Guangxi institute of ethnic studies.During three periods of ethnic identification work after 1949,professor Fei Xiaotong, Huang Xianfan, Xia Kangnong and a lot of academic masters and scholars from anthropology and ethnic study circles had made their great contributions. It was upon this research work of national ethnic identification that the State Council could be able to announce there are 56 ethnics in China.This was also a pioneering contribution to Chinese ethnic studies. In the mean time,the world ethnic study circles had noticed this and gave very high comments.[6] This was the reason that ethnic study circles called professor Huang a founder of modern Chinese ethnic studies.[7] In July 1978, professor Huang formed a field investigation team and went to Nongzhou,Pingxiang,Ningming and Congzuo district.They had collected a lot of valuable historical materials and studied the mountain fresco of Ningming on the spot. In November 1979，professor Huang led a field investigation team to Baise,Tianyang,Tiandong and Bama district to investigate and collect historical materials. In March 1981,professor Huang went to Sichuan to attend the first national seminar on cliff coffin and made academic investigation and collect historical materials there. [edit] Academic ideas [edit] Historical NotionProfessor Huang Xianfan had always emphasized "the importance of independent academic research",and take pioneering studies ,academic freedom as his lifelong aspirations. His academic principle was "keep honest and not obedient to the authorities".He believed that the motto of academic research was "no authorities,no ends,no prohibitions". Prefessor Chen Ji Sheng pointed out:" The connotation of Prefessor Huang's academic theory was to connect traditional Chinese history studies with western new history theory in order to complement his favorite Puxue of Qing dynasty, Gu Yanwu's theory of Jing Shi Zhi Yong with modern American Robinson's "New History". Professor Huang had made a great academic contribution to the New H istory's Practice and Construction in China.His academic works are characterised in connecting western theory of evolution with traditional Chinese theory of Seeking Truth and The Past Serve the Present". Prefessor Huang's lifelong pursuit of academic research was Dialectical unity of historical philosophy and historical science. Professor Huang was consistently critical to the works of Chinese General History that published in twenty-century. He pointed out those works lacking descriptions of Chinese ethnics,as if Chinese general history is Han's general history, in other words, China is Han's country only, and this is completely wrong,its not true. He believed we should totally re-write the works of Chinese General History to get rid of feudal concept of Han chauvinism.[8] He publicly opposed dogmatizing,formulizing and regulating Marxism. In 1957, Professor Huang advocated a theory of "lacking of slave society", later on, in 1979 he brought forward a famous academic view: "no slave society in Chinese history". His theory was warmly agreed by most scholars from history circles. They called him "leader of Wu Nu school". [edit] Ethnic NotionProfessor Huang Xianfan had consistently argued against the ethnical chauvinism. He believed that crux of the ethnic problems was caused by ethnical inequity,which had a major influence on ethnical conflicts in history. Professor Huang advocated the equality of each ethnic of the world and a "spiritual civilization with scientific attitude" on ethnic studies. By active practice,he became a forerunner of Zhuang ethnic studies in twenty century. People therefore called him a master of Zhuang ethnic studies.[9] Based on this, he formed a Huang group of Zhuang studies and the famous Bagui School in Chinese history. For this reason,he was also honored by ethnic academic circles as a leader of Bagui School .[10] [edit] Education NotionProfessor Huang Xianfan started his research on education when he was an assistant director of Institute for Education Studies in Beijing Normal University. He believed that one of the important meaning of education was to mold students healthy personalities,and knowledge-action unity was a base for doing this. In 1981, he had founded Li Jiang Sparetimecollege, and worked as the college's head master. He was then a forerunner of private sponsord high educational institute in China since 1949. In his forty years teaching career, he always observed a principal aim of education for forming nobal personalities. Mr Liang Chen Ye, the former vice chairman of Zhuang Autonomous Region of Guangxi had once commended that "professor Huang Xiafan had devoted his whole life to chinese high education and was a great master of education of his generation.he was very famous in modern chinese history".[11] People call Professor Huang Xian Fan's family a family of educators,[12] for Mr.and Mrs. Huang and most of their children are teaching in schools or universities. [edit] Academic styleProfessor Huang Xianfan's academic style had three characteristics:1.Pioneering study on history,2. Multi-evidence method 3.New textual research method. Based on Wang Guowei's dual evidence method, Professor Huang had founded his own unique "tri-evidence method", which is a new academic research method that combines archeological materials(physical goods and character), historical documents, ethnological materials （historical remains and oral historical materials) in his textual research on ancient Chinese history and culture.[13] [edit] Major works
[edit] Notes
[edit] References
[edit] External links
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