This article is about the protein domain. For the comression algorithm, see Bzip2. The Basic Leucine Zipper Domain (bZIP domain) is found in many DNA binding eukaryotic proteins. One part of the domain contains a region that mediates sequence specific DNA binding properties and the leucine zipper that is required for the dimerization of two DNA binding regions. The DNA binding region comprises a number of basic aminoacids such as arginine and lysine. Proteins containing this domain are transcription factors.[1][2] [edit] bZIP transcription factors bZIP transcription factors are found in all organisms. A recent evolutionary study revealed that 4 bZIP genes were encoded by the genome of the most recent common ancestor of all plants.[3] Interactions between bZIP transcription factors play important role in cancer development[4] in epithelial tissues, steroid hormone synthesis by cells of endocrine tissues,[5] factors affecting reproductive functions,[6] and several other phenomena that affect human health. [edit] bZIP domain containing proteins - AP-1 fos/jun heterodimer that forms a transcription factor
- Jun-B transcription factor
- CREB cAMP response element transcription factor
- OPAQUE2 (O2) transcription factor of the 22-kD zein gene that encodes a class of storage proteins in the endosperm of maize (Zea Mays) kernels
[edit] Human proteins containing this domain ATF1; ATF2; ATF4; ATF5; ATF6; ATF7; BACH1; BACH2; BATF; BATF2; CREB1; CREB3; CREB3L1; CREB3L2; CREB3L3; CREB3L4; CREB5; CREBL1; CREM; E4BP4; FOSL1; FOSL2; JUN; JUNB; JUND; NFE2; NFE2L2; NFE2L3; SNFT; CREM [edit] External links [edit] References - ^ Ellenberger T (1994). "Getting a grip in DNA recognition: structures of the basic region leucine zipper, and the basic region helix-loop-helix DNA-binding domains.". Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 4 (1): 12–21. doi:10.1016/S0959-440X(94)90054-X.
- ^ Hurst HC (1995). "Transcription factors 1: bZIP proteins". Protein Profile 2 (2): 101–68. PMID 7780801.
- ^ Corrêa LGG, Riaño-Pachón DM, Schrago CG, dos Santos RV, Mueller-Roeber B, Vincentz M. (2008). "The role of bZIP transcription factors in green plant evolution: adaptive features emerging from four founder genes". PLos ONE 3 (8): e2944. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002944. PMID 18698409.
- ^ Vlahopoulos SA, Logotheti S, Mikas D, Giarika A, Gorgoulis V, Zoumpourlis V (April 2008). "The role of ATF-2 in oncogenesis". Bioessays 30 (4): 314–27. doi:10.1002/bies.20734. PMID 18348191.
- ^ Manna PR, Dyson MT, Eubank DW, Clark BJ, Lalli E, Sassone-Corsi P, Zeleznik AJ, Stocco DM (January 2002). "Regulation of steroidogenesis and the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein by a member of the cAMP response-element binding protein family". Mol. Endocrinol. 16 (1): 184–99. doi:10.1210/me.16.1.184. PMID 11773448.
- ^ Hoare S, Copland JA, Wood TG, Jeng YJ, Izban MG, Soloff MS (May 1999). "Identification of a GABP alpha/beta binding site involved in the induction of oxytocin receptor gene expression in human breast cells, potentiation by c-Fos/c-Jun". Endocrinology 140 (5): 2268–79. doi:10.1210/en.140.5.2268. PMID 10218980.
| Transcription factors and intracellular receptors | | | (1) Basic domains | | | | Activating transcription factor ( AATF, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) · AP-1 ( c-Fos, FOSB, FOSL1, FOSL2, c-Jun, JUNB, JUND) · BACH ( 1, 2) · BATF · BLZF1 · C/EBP ( α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ) · CREB ( 1, 3, L1) · CREM · DBP · DDIT3 · GABPA · HLF · MAF ( B, F, G, K) · NFE ( 2, L1, L2) · NFIL3 · NRL · NRF1 · XBP1 | | (1.2) Basic helix-loop-helix ( bHLH) | ATOH1 · AhR · AHRR · ARNT · ASCL1 · BHLHB2 · BMAL ( ARNTL, ARNTL2) · CLOCK · EPAS1 · HAND ( 1, 2) · HES ( 5, 6) · HEY ( 1, 2, L) · HES1 · HIF ( 1A, 3A) · ID ( 1, 2, 3, 4) · LYL1 · MXD4 · MYCL1 · MYCN · Myogenic regulatory factors ( MyoD, Myogenin, MYF5, MYF6) · Neurogenins · NeuroD ( 1, 2) · NPAS ( 1, 2, 3) · OLIG ( 1, 2) · Pho4 · Scleraxis · TAL ( 1, 2) · Twist · USF1 | | | | | | | (1.4) NF-1 | | | | (1.5) RF-X | | | | (1.6) Basic helix-span-helix (bHSH) | | | | | | (2) Zinc finger DNA-binding domains | | | | subfamily 1 ( Thyroid hormone ( α, β), CAR, FXR, LXR ( α, β), PPAR ( α, β/δ, γ), PXR, RAR ( α, β, γ), ROR ( α, β, γ), Rev-ErbA ( α, β), VDR) subfamily 2 ( COUP-TF ( I, II), Ear-2, HNF4 ( α, γ), PNR, RXR ( α, β, γ), Testicular receptor ( 2, 4), TLX) subfamily 3 ( Steroid hormone ( Androgen, Estrogen ( α, β), Glucocorticoid, Mineralocorticoid, Progesterone), Estrogen related ( α, β, γ)) subfamily 4 NUR ( NGFIB, NOR1, NURR1) · subfamily 5 ( LRH-1, SF1) · subfamily 6 ( GCNF) · subfamily 0 ( DAX1, SHP) | | | (2.2) Other Cys4 | | | | (2.3) Cys2His2 | General transcription factors ( TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF ( 1, 2), TFIIH ( 1, 2, 4, 2I, 3A, 3C1, 3C2)) ATBF1 · BCL ( 6, 11A, 11B) · CTCF · E4F1 · EGR ( 2, 3) · ERV3 · GFI1 · GLI-Krüppel family ( 1, 2, 3, REST, S2, YY1) · HIC ( 1, 2) · HIVEP ( 1, 2, 3) · IKZF ( 1, 2, 3) · ILF ( 2, 3) · KLF ( 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17) · MTF1 · MYT1 · OSR1 · SP ( 1, 2, 4, 7) · Zbtb7 ( 7A, 7B) · ZBTB ( 16, 17, 20, 32, 33, 40) · zinc finger ( 3, 7, 9, 10, 19, 22, 24, 33B, 34, 35, 41, 43, 44, 51, 74, 143, 146, 148, 165, 202, 217, 219, 238, 239, 259, 267, 268, 281, 295, 318, 330, 346, 350, 365, 366, 384, 423, 451, 452, 471, 593, 638, 649, 655) | | | (2.4) Cys6 | | | | (2.5) Alternating composition | | | | | | (3) Helix-turn-helix domains | | | | ARX · CDX ( 1, 2) · CRX · CUTL1 · DLX ( 3, 4, 5) · EMX2 · EN ( 1, 2) · FHL ( 1, 2, 3) · HESX1 · HHEX · HLX · Homeobox ( A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A7, A9, A10, A11, A13, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B13, C4, C5, C6, C8, C9, C10, C11, C13, D1, D3, D4, D8, D9, D10, D11, D12, D13) · HOPX · LMX ( 1A, 1B) · MEIS ( 1, 2) · MEOX2 · MNX1 · MSX ( 1, 2) · NANOG · NKX ( 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-5, 3-1, 3-2) · PBX ( 1, 2, 3) · PHF ( 1, 3, 6, 8, 10, 16, 17, 20, 21A) · PITX ( 1, 2, 3) · POU domain ( PIT-1, BRN-3: A, B, C, Octamer transcription factor: 1, 2, 3/4, 6, 7, 11) · OTX ( 1, 2) · PDX1 · ZEB ( 1, 2) | | | (3.2) Paired box | | | | | E2F ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) · FOX proteins ( C1, C2, D3, E1, G1, H1, K2, L2, M1, N3, O1, O3, O4, P1, P2, P3) | | | | | | | (3.5) Tryptophan clusters | ELF ( 2, 4, 5) · EGF · ELK ( 1, 3, 4) · ERF · ERG · ETS ( 1, 2, SPIB) · ETV ( 1, 4, 5, 6) · FLI1 · Interferon regulatory factors ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) · MYB · MYBL2 | | | (3.6) TEA domain | transcriptional enhancer factor ( 1, 2, 3, 4) | | | | | (4) β-Scaffold factors with minor groove contacts | | | | | | | | | | | (4.3) p53 | | | | | | | | | | | | | HMGB ( 1, 2, 3) · HNF ( 1A, 1B) · LEF1 · SOX ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 18, 21) · SRY · SSRP1 · TCF ( 3, 4) · TOX ( 1, 2, 3, 4) | | | (4.10) Cold-shock domain | | | | (4.11) Runt | | | | | | (0) Other transcription factors | | | (0.2) HMGI(Y) | | | | | | | | | | | | (0.6) Miscellaneous | ARID ( 1A, 1B, 2, 3A, 3B, 4A) · CAP · IFI ( 16, 35) · MLL ( 2, 3, T1) · MNDA · NFY ( A, B, C) · Rho/ Sigma | | | | |
