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Neurology Section:Autonomous Practice neuropt.org | VASC - The Vision and Autonomous Systems Center ius.cs.cmu.edu | Billing Compliance - Dealing with Excluded or Convicted Persons or Entitie... pathcuric1.swmed.edu | CHS Affiliated Covered Entities carolinas.org |
 An autonomous area is an area of a country that has a degree of autonomy, or freedom from an external authority. Typically it is either geographically distinct from the country or is populated by a national minority. Countries that include autonomous areas are often federacies. Autonomous areas can be divided into territorial autonomies, subregional territorial autonomies and local autonomies. For a list of autonomous areas, see List of autonomous areas by country and List of territorial autonomies.
[edit] ContemporaryMany autonomous areas lie within two of the world's largest countries, People's Republic of China and Russia. [edit] IraqMain article: Iraqi Kurdistan Iraqi Kurdistan is the only region which has gained official recognition internationally as an autonomous federal entity. [edit] Southern SudanMain article: Southern Sudan Under the terms of the deal with Republic of Sudan, the Southern Sudan has been given a large degree of autonomy, and the chance to vote for full independence in 2011 after six years of home rule. [edit] ChinaMain article: Autonomous areas of China China (PRC) has five types of autonomous areas.
Found only as divisions of Inner Mongolia. In effect, these are autonomous counties (see below).
Main article: Autonomous counties of China The most numerous type of autonomous area in China, found both within and outside the larger autonomous prefectures and regions.
Main article: Autonomous prefectures of China China has 30 prefectures that are autonomous, mostly in the periphery of the country.
Main article: Autonomous regions of China A first-level administrative subdivision of China. There are five ARs in China. They are Inner Mongolia AR, Tibet AR, Ningxia Hui AR, Xinjiang Uyghur AR, and Guangxi Zhuang AR. Regardless of the names, these regions are in fact less autonomous than the special administrative regions of China.
Although not autonomous in name, in practice China's special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau) enjoy a high degree of autonomy. [edit] RussiaApart from its republics, which by definition have a degree of autonomy, Russia has two types of autonomies: [edit] Autonomous okrugMain article: Autonomous okrugs of Russia Okrug is a transliterated Slavic loanword usually translated as "district". The sizes of okrugs, however, vary more widely than other areas commonly identified as "districts", from large first-level divisions to third-level divisions within cities. As of 2008, Russia has four autonomous okrugs. [edit] Autonomous oblastMain article: Autonomous oblasts of Russia Oblast is a transliterated Slavic loanword usually understood to mean "province". As of 2006, one autonomous oblast exists: the Jewish Autonomous Oblast. [edit] Other countriesThe other types of autonomous areas to be found in the world are: [edit] Autonomous cityFour cities are formally designated by their countries as autonomous: the capital of Uzbekistan, Tashkent; the capital of Belgium, Brussels; the Spanish exclaves of Ceuta and Melilla; and the Argentinian capital, Buenos Aires. Another Argentinian city that has been pressing for autonomous status is Rosario, a city of around one million inhabitants that receives less subsidy than the smaller provincial capital Santa Fe. [edit] Autonomous communeBangui, the capital of the Central African Republic, is described as an autonomous commune (commune autonome). [edit] Autonomous communityMain articles: Tokelau and Autonomous communities of Spain The region-like areas into which Spain's provinces are grouped are known as autonomous communities (comunidades autónomas), as are the three atolls constituting the New Zealand territory of Tokelau. [edit] Autonomous provinceSix countries formally designate areas of their territory as autonomous provinces:
[edit] Autonomous regionIn addition to the autonomous regions of China mentioned above, various other areas of the world are formally described as autonomous regions:
[edit] Autonomous republicIn addition to the Russian republics mentioned above, areas known as "autonomous republics" exist within some of the countries established following the end of the Soviet Union:
The Palestinian Authority within Israel exercises certain sovereign powers within its borders, but is not a fully independent government. The PA-administrated territories are internationally recognized as occupied by Israel, and not a proper part of that country. [edit] Autonomous sectorThe Bissau Region, in which Guinea-Bissau's capital Bissau is found, is described as an "autonomous sector" (sector autónomo). [edit] Special woredaIn Ethiopia, "special woredas" are a subgroup of woredas or districts that are organized around the traditional homelands of an ethnic minority, and are under outside the usual hierarchy of a Region or kilil. These woredas have many similarities to autonomous areas in other countries. [edit] Historical
[edit] OtherOther areas that are autonomous in nature but not in name are areas designated for indigenous peoples, such as those of the Americas:
If elected, the Action démocratique du Québec party promises to make Quebec an autonomous region within Canada. [edit] Notes
[edit] See also
[edit] Bibliography
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