August 11 is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 142 days remaining until the end of the year. [edit] Events - 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Mayans, begins.
- 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation.
- 480 BC – Greco-Persian Wars: Battle of Artemisium – the Persians achieve a naval victory over the Greeks in an engagement fought near Artemisium, a promontory on the north coast of Euboea.
- 355 – Claudius Silvanus, accused of treason, proclaims himself Roman Emperor against Constantius II.
- 1510 – Margaret Palaeologina, Duchess of Mantua is born.
- 1755 – Charles Lawrence gives expulsion orders to remove the Acadians from Nova Scotia beginning the Great Upheaval.
- 1786 – Captain Francis Light establishes the British colony of Penang in Malaysia
- 1804 – Francis II assumes the title of first Emperor of Austria.
- 1858 – First ascent of the Eiger.
- 1898 – Spanish-American War: American troops enter the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
- 1918 – World War I – Battle of Amiens ends.
- 1919 – Constitution of Weimar Republic adopted.
- 1920 – The Latvia-Bolshevist Russia peace treaty, which relinquished Russia's authority and pretenses to Latvia, is signed.
- 1929 – Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 500 home runs in his career with a home run at League Park in Cleveland, Ohio.
- 1934 – First civilian prisoners arrive at Federal prison on Alcatraz Island.
- 1952 – Hussein proclaimed king of Jordan.
- 1960 – Chad declares independence.
- 1965 – Race riots (the Watts riots) begin in Watts area of Los Angeles, California.
- 1972 – Vietnam War: the last United States ground combat unit departs South Vietnam.
- 1975 – East Timor: Governor Mário Lemos Pires of Portuguese Timor abandons the capital Dili, following a coup by the Timorese Democratic Union (UDT) and the outbreak of civil war between UDT and Fretilin.
- 1988 – Al-Qaeda is formed.
- 1999 – The Salt Lake City Tornado tears through the downtown district of the city, killing one.
- 2003 – NATO takes over command of the peacekeeping force in Afghanistan, marking its first major operation outside Europe in its 54-year-history.
- 2003 – Jemaah Islamiyah leader Riduan Isamuddin, better known as Hambali, is arrested in Bangkok, Thailand.
- 2003 – A heat wave in Paris results in temperatures rising to 112°F (44° C), leaving about 144 people dead.
[edit] Births - 1467 – Mary of York, English princess (d. 1482)
- 1648 – Jeremiah Shepard, American minister (d. 1720)
- 1667 – Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, last of the Medicis (d. 1743)
- 1673 – Richard Mead, English physician (d. 1754)
- 1718 – Sir Frederick Haldimand, Swiss-born British colonial governor (d. 1791)
- 1722 – Richard Brocklesby, English physician (d. 1797)
- 1778 – Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, German (Prussian) gymnastics educator and nationalist (d. 1852)
- 1794 – James Barton Longacre, American engraver (d. 1869)
- 1807 – David Rice Atchison, American politician (d. 1886)
- 1808 – William W. Chapman, American politician (d. 1892)
- 1833 – Robert G. Ingersoll, American politician and soldier (d. 1899)
- 1833 – Kido Takayoshi, Japanese politician (d. 1877)
- 1836 – Warren Brown, American politician (d. 1919)
- 1837 – Marie François Sadi Carnot, French statesman (d. 1894)
- 1855 – John Hodges, Australian cricketer (d. 1933)
- 1858 – Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch physician, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1930)
- 1863 – Gaston Doumergue, President of the French Third Republic (d. 1937)
- 1870 – Tom Richardson, English cricketer (d. 1912)
- 1870 – Walter Bowman, Canadian soccer player (d. ?)
- 1872 – Shidehara Kijuro, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1951)
- 1877 – Adolph M. Christianson, justice of the North Dakota Supreme Court (d. 1954)
- 1878 – Oliver W F Lodge, English poet and author (d. 1955)
- 1892 – Eiji Yoshikawa, Japanese novelist (d. 1962)
- 1892 – Hugh MacDiarmid, Scottish poet (d. 1978)
- 1892 – Archie Wiles, West Indian cricketer (d. 1957)
- 1897 – Louise Bogan, American poet (d. 1970)
- 1897 – Enid Blyton, English author (d. 1968)
- 1900 – Philip Phillips, American archaeologist (d. 1994)
- 1902 – Alfredo Binda, Italian cyclist (d. 1986)
- 1902 – Lloyd Nolan, American actor (d. 1985)
- 1905 – Erwin Chargaff, Austrian biochemist (d. 2002)
- 1907 – Ted a'Beckett, Australian cricketer (d. 1989)
- 1909 – Yuji Koseki, Japanese composer (d. 1989)
- 1912 – Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs, German astronomer (d. 1954)
- 1912 – Thanom Kittikachorn, Prime Minister of Thailand (d. 2004)
- 1913 – Angus Wilson, British novelist (d. 1991)
- 1913 – Paul Dupuis, French Canadian actor (d. 1976)
- 1913 – Bob Scheffing, American professional baseball player and manager (d. 1985)
- 1914 – José Silva, American parapsychologist (d. 1999)
- 1916 – Johnny Claes, Belgian racing driver (d. 1956)
- 1919 – Ginette Neveu, French violinist (d. 1949)
- 1919 – Luis Olmo, Puerto Rican baseball player
- 1920 – Chuck Rayner, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2002)
- 1921 – Alex Haley, American historian (d. 1992)
- 1923 – Stan Chambers, American television reporter
- 1925 – Mike Douglas, American entertainer (d. 2006)
- 1925 – Floyd Curry, National Hockey League player (d. 2006)
- 1926 – Aaron Klug, Lithuanian-born chemist, Nobel Prize Laureate
- 1926 – Claus von Bülow, Danish-born British socialite
- 1927 – Raymond Leppard, English conductor
- 1928 – Arlene Dahl, American actress
- 1932 – Fernando Arrabal, Spanish writer
- 1932 – Peter Eisenman, American architect
- 1932 – Israel Asper, Canadian tax lawyer (d. 2003)
- 1932 – John Gorrie, English director
- 1933 – Jerry Falwell, American preacher (d. 2007)
- 1933 – Jerzy Grotowski, Polish theatre director (d. 1999)
- 1936 – Andre Dubus, American short-story writer (d. 1999)
- 1938 – Branko Stanovnik, Slovenian chemist
- 1939 – Ronnie Dawson, American rockabilly performer (d. 2003)
- 1940 – Lennie Pond, American NASCAR driver
- 1942 – Mike Hugg, British musician (Manfred Mann)
- 1943 – Abigail Folger, American heiress and Manson murder victim (d. 1969)
- 1943 – Stefania Toczyska, Polish mezzo-soprano
- 1943 – Pervez Musharraf, Pakistani politician
- 1944 – Ian McDiarmid, Scottish actor
- 1944 – Frederick W. Smith, American entrepreneur
- 1946 – Marilyn vos Savant, American newspaper columnist
- 1946 – John Conlee, American country music singer
- 1947 – Georgios Karatzaferis, Greek politician
- 1948 – Jan Palach, Czechoslovakian student protester (d. 1969)
- 1949 – Eric Carmen, American musician
- 1949 – Tim Hutchinson, American politician
- 1950 – Erik Brann, American musician (Iron Butterfly) (d. 2003)
- 1950 – Gennidy Nikonov, Russian weapons inventor (d. 2003)
- 1950 – Steve Wozniak, American computer pioneer
- 1951 – Vincent Bilodeau, Canadian actor and comedian
- 1952 – Bob Mothersbaugh AKA Bob 1, American musician (Devo)
- 1953 – Hulk Hogan, American professional wrestler
- 1953 – Amy Holland, American Pop Rock singer
- 1954 – Joe Jackson, English singer
- 1954 – Juan Maria Solare, Argentine composer
- 1954 – Yashpal Sharma, Indian cricketer
- 1954 – M. V. Narasimha Rao, Indian cricketer
- 1955 – Sylvia Hermon, British politician
- 1955 – Marc Bureau, Canadian politician
- 1956 – Pierre-Louis Lions, French mathematician
- 1957 – Ian Stuart Donaldson, British singer (Skrewdriver) (d. 1993)
- 1959 – Gustavo Cerati, Argentinian musician (Soda Stereo)
- 1959 – Yoshiaki Murakami, Japanese investor
- 1961 – Craig Ehlo, American basketball player
- 1962 – Shaul Karnain, Sri Lankan cricketer
- 1962 – Ennis Whatley, American basketball player
- 1963 – Hiromi Makihara, Japanese baseball player
- 1964 – Jim Lee, Korean comic book artist
- 1964 – Nikki Randall, American pornographic actress
- 1964 – Miguel A. Núñez, Jr., American actor
- 1965 – Marc Bergevin, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1965 – Shinji Mikami, Japanese video game designer (Resident Evil)
- 1965 – Viola Davis, American actress
- 1965 – Embeth Davidtz, American actress
- 1965 – Duane Martin, American actor
- 1966 – Nigel Martyn, English footballer
- 1967 – Enrique Bunbury, Spanish singer
- 1967 – Eric Maleson, Brazilian bobsledder
- 1967 – Collin Chou, Taiwanese actor
- 1967 – Joe Rogan, American television host, comedian, commentator,and, actor
- 1968 – Noordin Mohammad Top, Malaysian Islamist terrorist (d. 2009)
- 1969 – Ashley Jensen, British actress
- 1971 – Tommy Mooney, English football player
- 1971 – Alejandra Barros, Mexican actress
- 1971 – Julie Clarke, glamor model
- 1972 – Jonathon Prandi, American model
- 1973 – Nigel Harman, British actor
- 1973 – Carolyn Murphy, American model
- 1974 – Audrey Mestre, French diver (d. 2002)
- 1974 – Hadiqa Kiyani, Pakistani singer
- 1974 – Marie-France Dubreuil, Canadian figure skater
- 1974 – Anju Jain, Indian cricketer
- 1975 – Davey von Bohlen, American musician (The Promise Ring, Maritime)
- 1976 – Iván Córdoba, Colombian footballer
- 1976 – Bubba Crosby, American baseball player
- 1976 – Will Friedle, American actor
- 1976 – Ben Gibbard, American musician (Death Cab for Cutie, The Postal Service)
- 1976 – Erick Lindgren, American poker player
- 1976 – Ľubomír Višňovský, Slovak ice hockey player
- 1977 – Gemma Hayes, Irish singer
- 1978 – Amber Mariano, American reality television personality
- 1978 – Jermain Taylor, American boxer
- 1980 – Lee Suggs, American football player
- 1981 – Fiona Sit, Hong Kong singer and actress
- 1981 – Sandi Thom, Scottish singer
- 1982 – Alan Halsall, British actor
- 1983 – Chris Hemsworth, Australian actor
- 1984 – Melky Cabrera, Dominican baseball player
- 1984 – Lucas Di Grassi, Brazilian racing driver
- 1984 – Katie Rees, American beauty pageant contestant
- 1985 – Asher Roth, American rapper
- 1986 – Kaori Fukuhara, Japanese voice actress
- 1986 – Pablo Sandoval, Venezuelan baseball player
- 1993 – Alyson Stoner, American actress, model, singer and dancer
[edit] Deaths - 480 BC – Leonidas, King of Sparta during the Battle of Thermopylae (b. c. 540 BC)
- 353 – Magnentius, Roman usurper (b. 303)
- 449 – Flavian, Patriarch of Constantinople
- 897 – Wilfred the Hairy, Count of Barcelona
- 1204 – King Guttorm of Norway (b. 1199)
- 1253 – Clare of Assisi, Italian follower of Francis of Assisi (b. 1194)
- 1259 – Möngke Khan, Great Khan of the Mongol Empire
- 1456 – John Hunyadi, regent of Hungary (b. 1387)
- 1464 – Nicholas of Cusa, German philosopher and mathematician (b. 1401)
- 1494 – Hans Memling, Flemish painter (b. c. 1430)
- 1519 – Johann Tetzel, German opponent of the Reformation (b. 1465)
- 1563 – Bartolomé de Escobedo, Spanish composer (b. c. 1500)
- 1578 – Pedro Nunes, Portuguese mathematician (b. 1502)
- 1596 – Hamnet Shakespeare, son of William Shakespeare (b. 1585)
- 1614 – Lavinia Fontana, Italian painter (b. 1552)
- 1656 – Prince Octavio Piccolomini, Duke of Amalfi, Austrian field marshal (b. 1599)
- 1774 – Tiphaigne de la Roche, French writer (b. 1722)
- 1813 – Henry James Pye, English poet (b. 1745)
- 1851 – Lorenz Oken, German naturalist (b. 1779)
- 1854 – Macedonio Melloni, Italian physicist (b. 1798)
- 1886 – Lydia Koidula, Estonian poet (b. 1843)
- 1890 – John Henry Cardinal Newman, English Catholic cardinal (b. 1801)
- 1892 – Enrico Betti, Italian mathematician (b. 1813)
- 1903 – Eugenio Maria de Hostos, Puerto Rican educator and nationalist (b. 1839)
- 1908 – Khudiram Bose, Indian freedom fighter (b. 1889)
- 1919 – Andrew Carnegie, Scottish-born industrialist and philanthropist (b. 1835)
- 1936 – Blas Infante, Spanish writer and politician (b. 1885)
- 1937 – Edith Wharton, American author (b. 1862)
- 1939 – Jean Bugatti, Italian automobile designer (b. 1909)
- 1953 – Tazio Nuvolari, Italian race car driver (b. 1892)
- 1954 – Santo Trafficante, Sr., Sicilian-born American mobster (b. 1886)
- 1956 – Jackson Pollock, American artist (b. 1912)
- 1961 – Antanas Škėma, Lithuanian writer actor and director (b. 1910)
- 1965 – Bill Woodfull, Australian cricketer (b. 1897)
- 1972 – Max Theiler, South African virologist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1899)
- 1974 – Vicente Emilio Sojo, Venezuelan musician. (b. 1887)
- 1974 – Jan Tschichold, German typographer (b. 1902)
- 1980 – Paul Robert, French lexicographer and publisher (b. 1910)
- 1982 – Tom Drake, American actor (b. 1918)
- 1984 – Alfred A. Knopf, American publisher (b. 1892)
- 1984 – Paul Felix Schmidt, Estonian–German chess player (b. 1916)
- 1988 – Anne Ramsey, American actress (b. 1929)
- 1991 – J. D. McDuffie, American NASCAR driver (b. 1938)
- 1994 – Peter Cushing, British actor (b. 1913)
- 1995 – Phil Harris, American singer and comedian (b. 1904)
- 1996 – Rafael Kubelík, Czech-born conductor and composer (b. 1914)
- 1996 – Mel Taylor, American drummer (The Ventures) (b. 1933)
- 1996 – Baba Vanga, Bulgarian prophet, mystic, clairvoyant and herbalist (b. 1911)
- 2000 – Jean Papineau-Couture, Canadian composer (b. 1916)
- 2001 – Percy Stallard, English racing cyclist (b. 1909)
- 2002 – Galen Rowell, American photographer and mountain climber (b. 1940)
- 2003 – Armand Borel, Swiss mathematician (b. 1923)
- 2003 – Herb Brooks, American ice hockey coach (b. 1937)
- 2005 – James Booth, English actor (b. 1927)
- 2006 – Mike Douglas, American singer and talk show host (b. 1925)
- 2009 – Eunice Kennedy Shriver, founder of Special Olympics, sister of John F. Kennedy (b. 1921)
[edit] Holidays and observances - Chad: Independence Day
- Roman Catholicism
- Saint Attracta
- Saint Fiacre
- Gaugericus (Géry), bishop of Cambrai, confessor (sometimes martyr) [Cambrai, Liège, Magdeburg, Paderborn, Winchester]
- Saint Taurinus, bishop of Evreux, confessor [northern France, England]
- Saints Tiburtius and Chromatius, martyrs [common]
- Saint Susanna, virgin, martyr in 295 [common]
- Saint Clare of Assisi, virgin and religious foundress
- Saint Philomena, virgin and martyr
[edit] External links
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