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Aquificae
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria;
Phylum:	Aquificae;
Class:	Aquificae;
Order:	Aquificales;
Familia
	Aquificaceae; Hydrogenothermaceae;

The Aquificae phylum is a diverse collection of bacteria that live in harsh environmental settings.^[1]^[2] They have been found in hot springs, sulfur pools, and thermal ocean vents. Members of the genus Aquifex, for example, are productive in water between 85 to 95 °C. They are the dominant members of most terrestrial neutral to alkaline hot springs above 60 degrees celsius. They are autotrophs, and are the primary carbon fixers in these environments. They are true bacteria (domain bacteria) as opposed to the other inhabitants of extreme environments, the Archaea.

[edit] Taxonomy

There is currently no consensus regarding the taxonomy of genera within Aquificae. One standard text claims that only the genera Aquifex, Calderobacterium, Hydrogenobacter, and Thermocrinis belong in the Aquificales order.^[3] Another claims that, in addition to genera within the Aquificaceae and Hydrogenothermaceae families, the following genera are incertae sedis (unclassified), but within Aquificae: Balnearium, Desulfurobacterium, EX-H1 group, and Thermovibrio.

Cavalier-Smith has postulated that Aquificae is part of the Proteobacteria.^[4]

[edit] References

^ Griffiths E, Gupta RS (January 2006). "Molecular signatures in protein sequences that are characteristics of the phylum Aquificae". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56 (Pt 1): 99–107. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.63927-0. PMID 16403873. http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16403873.
^ Horiike T, Miyata D, Hamada K, et al. (January 2009). "Phylogenetic construction of 17 bacterial phyla by new method and carefully selected orthologs". Gene 429 (1-2): 59–64. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2008.10.006. PMID 19000750. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378-1119(08)00524-6.
^ Griffiths E, Gupta RS (March 2004). "Signature sequences in diverse proteins provide evidence for the late divergence of the Order Aquificales". Int. Microbiol. 7 (1): 41–52. PMID 15179606. http://www.im.microbios.org/25march04/07%20Griffiths.pdf.
^ Catalogue of Organisms: Standing the Heat

[pmid16403873-0] Griffiths E, Gupta RS (January 2006). "Molecular signatures in protein sequences that are characteristics of the phylum Aquificae". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56 (Pt 1): 99–107. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.63927-0. PMID 16403873. http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16403873.

[pmid19000750-1] Horiike T, Miyata D, Hamada K, et al. (January 2009). "Phylogenetic construction of 17 bacterial phyla by new method and carefully selected orthologs". Gene 429 (1-2): 59–64. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2008.10.006. PMID 19000750. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378-1119(08)00524-6.

[pmid15179606-2] Griffiths E, Gupta RS (March 2004). "Signature sequences in diverse proteins provide evidence for the late divergence of the Order Aquificales". Int. Microbiol. 7 (1): 41–52. PMID 15179606. http://www.im.microbios.org/25march04/07%20Griffiths.pdf.

[3] Catalogue of Organisms: Standing the Heat

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