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**António Ramalho Eanes**
	President of Portugal
Order:	16th (3rd since the Carnation revolution)
Term of Office	14 July 1976 - 9 March 1986
Predecessor:	Francisco da Costa Gomes
Successor:	Mário Soares
Date of Birth	25 January 1935
Place of Birth:	Alcains, Castelo Branco
Wife:	Maria Manuela Duarte Neto de Portugal, Mrs. Ramalho Eanes
Occupation:	Military officer (General), President of the Administration of RTP
Political Party:	Independent (later, Democratic Renovator)
Religion:	Roman Catholic

António dos Santos Ramalho Eanes, GColTE, GCL, CavA, KE (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐ̃ˈtɔniu ʁɐˈmaʎu ˈiɐnɨʃ]; b. Castelo Branco, Alcains, 25 January 1935), is a Portuguese general, politician, and a former President of the Republic.

[edit] Background

He is the son of António dos Santos Eanes, a general contractor, and wife Maria do Rosário Ramalho and brother of João.

[edit] Career

After a long military career in the Portuguese Colonial Wars, he was stationed in Portuguese Angola when the 25 April revolution of 1974 took place. He joined the Movimento das Forças Armadas (MFA or Armed Forces Movement) and after returning to Portugal, he was made president of RTP (Portuguese public television). He ordered the military operations against the pro-communist radical faction of the Armed Forces Movement) on 25 November 1975, ending that year's "hot summer" (Verão quente).

António Ramalho Eanes (left), while president, departs after a state visit to the United States. Secretary of State George Schultz is on the right. (USAF)

In 1976 he was elected President of Portugal. At the end of 1980 he was re-elected, serving until February 1986. After his presidency, he headed the Democratic Renewal Party (Portuguese: Partido Renovador Democrático), resigning in 1987.

He is also a Member of the Portuguese Council of State, as a former elected President of Portugal.

He rejected any suggestion of becoming a Marshal, considering the title unnecessary.

[edit] Decorations

He was awarded with the Grand Collar of the Order of the Tower and Sword, the Grand Cross of the Order of Liberty, Knight of the Order of Aviz, and Knight of the Order of the Elephant of Denmark.

In 1985 he was given the honorary British award of Royal Victorian Chain.

[edit] Family

He married at the Palace of Queluz on 28 October 1970 to Maria Manuela Duarte Neto de Portugal Ramalho Eanes (b. 29 December 1938), who was one of Portugal's most politically active first ladies, making speeches at Democratic Renewal Party rallies while her husband was president. They had two sons, Manuel António (b. 5 May 1972) and Miguel (b. 1977).

[edit] Electoral results

[edit] 1976 Portuguese presidential elections

Portuguese Presidential Election, 1976 - First Round (27 June)
Candidate	Party	Votes	%
António Ramalho Eanes	Independent	2,967,137	60.8%
Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho	Independent	792,760	16.2%
Pinheiro de Azevedo	Independent	692,147	14.2%
Octávio Pato	PCP	365,586	07.5%
Invalid Ballots		43,242	00.9%
Blank Ballots		20,253	00.4%
Total:		4,881,125	-

Registered voters: 6,467,480
Turnout: 75.47%

(Source: Portuguese Electoral Commission)

[edit] 1980 Portuguese presidential elections

Portuguese Presidential Election, 1980 - First Round (12 July)
Candidate	Party	Vote	Percent
Ramalho Eanes	Independent	3,262,520	55.9%
Soares Carneiro	PSD	2,325,481	39.8%
Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho	Left-Wing Independent	85,896	1.5%
Carlos Galvão de Melo	Right-Wing Independent	48,468	0.8%
António Pires Veloso	Independent	45,132	0.8%
Aires Rodrigues	POUS	12,745	0.2%
Carlos Brito	PCP (left the race)	0	0.0%
Invalid Ballots		44,014	0.8%
Blank Ballots		16,076	0.3%
	Total:	5,840,332	-

Registered Voters: 6,920,869
Turnout: 84.39%

(Source: Portuguese Electoral Commission)

[edit] External links

Biography in portuguese

Political offices
Preceded by Costa Gomes	President of Portugal 1976–1986	Succeeded by Mário Soares

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