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Ancient peoples of Italy are all those peoples that lived in Italy (including the islands of Sicily and Sardinia) before the Roman domination. Not all of these various peoples are linguistically or ethnically closely related. Some of them spoke Italic languages, others spoke Greek because of the arrival of Hellenic colonists, while others belonged to another Indo-European branch or were non-Indo-European. The classification of a number of these ethnicons is unknown or disputed.

The main candidate for the first introduction of Proto-Italic speakers to Italy is the Terramare culture (1500 BC).^{[citation needed]}