Coordinates: 53°52′N 2°47′W / 53.86°N 2.78°W / 53.86; -2.78

Amounderness depicted in John Speed's 1610 map of Lancashire

Amounderness was a hundred of Lancashire in North West England. Formerly, the name had been used for territories now in Lancashire and north of the River Ribble that had been included in Domesday Yorkshire.

[edit] Etymology and history

There are two suggested etymologies for Amounderness. The traditional 19th century reading was that the name derived from ac (oak) and mund (protection), "a ness or promontory sheltered by oaks".^[1] This was given currency by Porter.^[2]

The current view is that the area is named after Agmundr, a Norse warlord who died at the Battle of Tettenhall in August 910;^[3] Partington's early 20th century description of "Amounder ... the first Viking who settled in the Fylde country" now being considered more fanciful than historically accurate.^[4]

In The Place-names of Lancashire, Ekwall supports an early 10th century coinage citing A[g]hemundesnes and the late 11th century Agmundrenesse.^[5] The etymology of Agmundr is Old West Scandinavian agi- ("awe, terror") or possibly the German *ag- ("point, weapon point"), with -mundr, from Old West Scandinavian *-munduR ("protection"). The name appears in Old Swedish as Aghmund and in Old West Norse as Ogmundr. While the formal title of the warrior was almost certainly Agmundrholdr, his familiar or lall-name would have been Mundi.

Victorian commentators, such as Porter, often cited a 7th century grant made at Ripon by Ecgfrith of Northumbria and Æthelwine as proof that Amounderness existed before the 10th century.^[2] In fact, the grant itself has not survived, its only source being an early 8th century hagiography of the Northumbrian bishop Wilfrid - Vita Sancti Wilfrithi - by Stephen of Ripon (also known was Eddius Stephanus).^[6] There is no reference to Amounderness in this text, merely to lands "iuxta Rippel" (next to the Ribble). The historical misattribution may be due to the 16th-century antiquarian John Leland who cites Hasmundesham (possibly Amounderness) in his Collectanea, originally published in 1632, but does so without proper supporting evidence.^[7]

Amounderness was granted to Wulfstan I, Archbishop of York in June 934 by Æthelstan, King of England. A spoil of battle, the area had been annexed in 926. According to the grant, the extent of Amounderness was much greater than its present-day counterpart being the land "from the sea along the Cocker to the source of that river, from that source straight to another spring which is called in Saxon, Dunshop, thus down the riverlet to the Hodder, in the same direction to the Ribble and thus along that river through the middle of the channel to the sea".^[8]

Ekwall corroborates this talking of the eastern boundary of Amounderness as "being formed by the fells on the Yorkshire border".^[5] This places the boundary within the modern-day Forest of Bowland where Dunsop Bridge sits close to the eastern mouth of the Trough of Bowland that straddles the traditional Lancashire-Yorkshire border. After the Norman conquest of England, this eastern portion of Amounderness became part of the Lordship of Bowland.

In the 10th century, Amounderness would have been strategically important in terms of the Dublin-York axis. Its strategic importance is mirrored on the east coast by Holderness in the East Riding of Yorkshire.^[9]

By the 12th century, Amounderness and Bowland had become two distinct and separate Lordships, each centred on its own seigneurial, later royal forest.

[edit] Geography

The hundred of Amounderness corresponds to today's administrative districts of Fylde, Wyre, Preston and part of Ribble Valley (north of the River Ribble and within the historic boundaries of Lancashire). It included Bispham, Blackpool, Broughton-in-Amounderness, Chipping, Cockerham, Garstang, Kirkham, Knott End-on-Sea, Mitton, Pilling, Preesall, Poulton-le-Fylde, Preston, and Ribchester.

The name is preserved in the present-day Amounderness Way, which is part of the A585 road that runs between Mains Lane in Thornton and Dock Street in Fleetwood.

[edit] Amounderness in popular culture

In his 1858 novel Mervyn Clitheroe, William Harrison Ainsworth portrays the minor character of the Earl of Amounderness whose "sylvan domains ... at Dunton Park ... boasted much noble timber".^[10] Ainsworth's protagonist Mervyn Clitheroe shoots a buck "in the domains of Lord Amounderness."^[11]

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Map of the Lancashire County Hundreds