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Amniotic sac
A drawing of the amniotic sac from Gray's Anatomy.
The amniotic sac opened during afterbirth examination.

The amniotic sac is the sac in which the fetus develops in amniotes. Its wall is the amnion, the inner of the two fetal membranes. It encloses the amniotic cavity and the embryo. The amniotic cavity contains the amniotic fluid. On the outer side, the amniotic sac is connected to the yolk sac, to the allantois and, through the umbilical cord, to the placenta. ^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]}

Contents 1 In mammals 1.1 In humans 1.1.1 Amniotomy 2 Diversity 3 See also 4 References 5 External links

[edit] In mammals

The amniotic sac and its filling provide a liquid which surrounds and cushions the fetus. It allows the fetus to move freely without the walls of the uterus being too tight against its body. Buoyancy is also provided.

[edit] In humans

If after birth, the complete amniotic sac or big parts of the membrane remain coating the newborn, this is called a caul.

When seen in the light, the amniotic sac is shiny and very smooth, but too tough to pierce through.

[edit] Amniotomy

An artificial rupture of membranes (AROM), also known as an amniotomy, may be performed by a midwife or obstetrician. This is usually performed using an amnihook or fingercot and is intended to induce or accelerate labour.

[edit] Diversity

The presence of the amnion identifies humans and other mammals as amniotes, along with reptiles, dinosaurs, birds but neither amphibians nor fish.

[edit] See also

• Chorion, the outer one of the two fetal membranes
• Chorioamnionitis

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• http://healthcare.utah.edu/healthinfo/adult/Pregnant/anatomy.htm

v • d • e Developmental biology > Human embryogenesis (development of embryo) and development of fetus First three weeks Week 1 Fertilization · Egg activation · Zygote · Cleavage · Morula · Blastula (Blastomere) · Blastocyst · Inner cell mass Week 2 (Bilaminar) Hypoblast · Epiblast Week 3 (Trilaminar) Germ layers Archenteron/Primitive streak (Primitive pit, Primitive knot/Blastopore, Primitive groove) · Gastrula/Gastrulation · Regional specification Ectoderm Surface ectoderm · Neuroectoderm · Somatopleure · Neurulation · Neural crest Endoderm Splanchnopleure Mesoderm Chorda- · Paraxial (Somite/Somitomere/Sclerotome/Myotome/Dermatome) · Intermediate · Lateral plate (Intraembryonic coelom, Splanchnopleure/Somatopleure) Extraembryonic/ uterus Trophoblast (Cytotrophoblast, Syncytiotrophoblast) Blastocoele · Yolk sack/exocoelomic cavity · Heuser's membrane · Extraembryonic coelom · Vitelline duct Umbilical cord (Umbilical artery, Umbilical vein, Wharton's jelly) · Allantois Placenta · Decidua (Decidual cells) · Chorionic villi/Intervillous space · Gestational sac (Amnion/Amniotic sac/Amniotic cavity, Chorion) Histogenesis Programmed cell death (Apoptosis) · Stem cells · Germ line development Organogenesis Limb development: Limb bud · Apical ectodermal ridge/AER other structures: Eye development · Cutaneous structure development · Heart development · Development of the urinary and reproductive organs (Some dates are approximate—see Carnegie stages and a timeline.)

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