Al-Muqtafi (Arabic: المقتفي لأمر الله‎) (died 1160) was the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad from 1136 to 1160. The continued disunion and contests between Seljuk Turks afforded al-Muqtafi opportunity of not only maintaining his authority in Baghdad, but also extending it throughout Iraq.

Al-Muqtafi was able to defend the Capital from various attacks. But he was ill-advised enough to support the rebellion of a son of Seljuk Sultan, who in response marched against Baghdad and forced the Caliph to take refuge in the eastern quarter. Later the Caliph was recalled by the Sultan who needed him to quell a more serious rising in the East. Al-Muqtafi again received favor by the Seljuk, who betrothed himself to one of his daughters. in 1157 the Caliph successfully defended Baghdad against the Seljuks of hamadan in the Seljuk siege of Baghdad 1157

During this Caliphate, the Crusade was raging furiously, and Zengi, the governor of Mosul and founder of Zengid dynasty, obtained high distinction as a brave and generous warrior. At one time hard pressed, Zengi made urgent appeal for help to Baghdad. The Sultan and the Caliph despatched 20,000 men in response. But in reality neither the Seljuks, nor the Caliph, nor their Amirs, had any enthusiasm in war against Crusaders.

Al-Muqtafi is praised by early Muslim historians as virtuous, able, and brave. During his Caliphate of twenty-five years, he conducted many minor expeditions against enemies in the vicinity, but none deserving any special notice.

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• This text is adapted from William Muir's public domain, The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall.