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Ain Shams University (Arabic: جامعة عين شمس) is an institute of higher education located in Cairo, Egypt. Founded in 1950, the university provides education at the undergraduate, graduate and post-graduate levels.
[edit] HistoryAin Shams University, was founded in July 1950, making it the third-oldest non-sectarian native public Egyptian university (ancient Islamic universities such as Al-Azhar and private institutions such as the American University in Cairo are older), under the name of "Ibrahim Pasha's University". It with the two earlier universities of this kind, Cairo University (Fuad I university) and Alexandria University (Farouk I university) had fulfilled the message of universities and meeting the increasing demand of youth for higher education. When it was first established, Ain Shams University comprised a number of distinguished faculties and academic institutes, which were later developed into university. [1] After the military coup that toppled the monarchy in 23 July 1952, it was suggested that Egyptian universities be given names that were strongly linked with the roots and historical landmarks of the country. Thus on February 21, 1954 the name of the university was changed to "Heliopolis", and then changed in the same year to its present name "Ain Shams", the Arabic name for "Heliopolis", or "O'n", which was the oldest university in history. "O'n" University was established about 5000 years ago, and it had a wide fame as a center of knowledge and learning, especially in astronomy, engineering and medicine. Perhaps a perfect example of the knowledge and skill of "O'n" teachers is Imhotep, the chief priest, minister, and architect, who in 2700 B.C. designed the first large structure of stone known in history, Zoser's Step Pyramid in Sakkara. Westcar Papyrus also states that the founder of the Fifth Dynasty was the Rector of "O'n" University before ascending the throne. However, the most important achievement of "O'n" University was the call for worshipping a single deity symbolized by the solar disk of Aton, at the hands of Akhenaton, who was influenced by the ideas of "O'n" priests. In 1950, there were only eight faculties: faculty of Arts, faculty of law, faculty of Commerce, faculty of Science, Faculty of Engineering, faculty of Medicine, faculty of Agriculture, and Women's college. In 1969, the faculty of Education, known since 1880 as Teachers' college, became the ninth faculty in the university. In 1973 the faculty of Al-Alsun was made the tenth member in the university. However, the history of this faculty dates back to 1835. In 1994, a decree was issued for the establishment of two more faculties; the faculty of Pharmacy and the faculty of Dentistry, the actual study was started the following year in both faculties. In the same year, it was decided to establish the faculty of Computers and Information Sciences, and the study started the following year. The last faculty to join the university is the faculty of Specific Education, in 1998. Faculty of Nursing was established in 1980, and the Institute of Childhood Postgraduates Studies was established in 1981. The establishment of the Institute of Environmental Research and Studies was at 1982. Today, the university's academic structure includes a total of 14 faculties, 1 collage and 2 high institutes plus 12 centers and special Units. [2] [edit] The EmblemThe emblem of the university, the obelisk and two hawks, establishes a link between the name and the ancient history of the university. The obelisk stands for the house of life at the city of "O'n", whereas the two hawks are symbolic of Horus, the Egyptian God at that time. [edit] Faculties, Collages & Institutes
[edit] CampusesToday, Ain Shams University has Eight campuses, two of them are in front of each other, separated by a main road, all of which are located in Greater Cairo. [3] [edit] Main CampusLocated in Abbassiya, Cairo and houses: [edit] Khalifa Mamoun CampusLocated across the street from the Main Campus, this campus houses: [edit] Faculty of Medicine CampusLocated in Abbassiya square behind the Noor Mosque(demerdash), is the Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Nursing, in addition to the University teaching Hospitals and institutes. [edit] Faculty Of Engineering CampusIn 1839, a School of Technical Operations was founded which in due course developed and became School of Arts and Industries in 1932, then later School of Applied Engineering. It continued to exercise its task until 1946 when a ministerial decree was issued giving the school the name of the Higher Institute of Engineering. When law No. 93 in 1950 was passed to establish Ibrahim Pacha University, the High Institute of Engineering became the nucleus of the Faculty of Engineering. The Faculty of Engineering, having completed its infrastructure and facilities, became one of the incorporated faculties of the University. It is located in Abassiya (Abdu Basha), El Sarayat Street, a 15-minute walk from the main campus, Now this large campus houses the school of engineering and a small stadium. [edit] Women's CollegeWomen’s College For Arts, Science and Education is considered an integrated academic institution that combines Humanities together with Basic, Applied and Educational Sciences in addition to Home Economics and Child Studies. The College seeks to respond to the requirements of society and the environment by supporting already existing curricula and devising other up-to-date ones that coincide with development. The College also aspires to form a genuine personality through curricula of Languages, Information Technology, Computer and Edification. Therefore, knowledge as well as scientific and applicable efficiency can be achieved. [edit] OthersFaculty of Specific Education, Faculty of Education and Faculty of Agriculture are located each on a separate campus in Abassyia, Heliopolis and Shoubra El-Kheima respectively. [edit] RankingsAccording to the 2009 Webometrics World Universities rankings (aimed to promote Web publication, not to rank institutions[2]), Ain Shams University is ranked 3rd in Egypt and 15th in Africa. [3] [edit] Notable alumni
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