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Actinomycetales
	Scanning electron micrograph of Actinomyces israelii.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria;
Phylum:	Actinobacteria;
Class:	Actinobacteria;
Subclass:	Actinobacteridae;
Order:	Actinomycetales; Buchanan, 1917
Suborders/Families
	Actinomycineae Actinomycetaceae; ; Corynebacterineae Corynebacteriaceae; Dietziaceae; Gordoniaceae; Mycobacteriaceae; Nocardiaceae; Tsukamurellaceae; Williamsiaceae; ; Frankineae Acidothermaceae; Frankiaceae; Geodermatophilaceae; Kineosporiaceae; Microsphaeraceae; Sporichthyaceae; ; Glycomycineae Glycomycetaceae; ; Micrococcineae Beutenbergiaceae; Bogoriellaceae; Brevibacteriaceae; Cellulomonadaceae; Dermabacteraceae; Dermatophilaceae; Dermacoccaceae; Intrasporangiaceae; Jonesiaceae; Microbacteriaceae; Micrococcaceae; Promicromonosporaceae; Rarobacteraceae; Sanguibacteraceae; ; Micromonosporineae Micromonosporaceae; ; Propionibacterineae Nocardioidaceae; Propionibacteriaceae; ; Pseudonocardineae Actinosynnemataceae; Pseudonocardiaceae; ; Streptomycineae Streptomycetaceae; ; Streptosporangineae Nocardiopsaceae; Streptosporangiaceae; Thermomonosporaceae; ;

Actinomycetales is an order of Actinobacteria. They are very diverse and contain a variety of subdivisions as well as yet unclassified isolates. This is mainly because some genera are very difficult to classify because of a highly niche-dependent phenotype. For example Nocardia contains several species that were first believed to be distinct species before it was proven that their difference is purely depending on their growth conditions.

[edit] Classification difficult

Actinomycetales are Gram positive, however several species have complex cell wall structures that makes the gram staining unsuitable. Examples: Mycobacteriaceae

[edit] Pathogenic Familiae

Several Actinomycetales are pathogenic to humans or animals, plants or other cells. Among them, the leading killer of humans is Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

[edit] Biotechnologically exploited Familiae

Some species are used in industry and pharma-research because of their properties. Streptomycetaceae have a unique cell morphology, cell cycle and a variety of antibiotics they produce were essential for today's antibiotic discoveries. Corynebacteriaceae, especially Corynebacterium glutamicum is used in biotechnology for production.

[edit] External links

Contents

[edit] Classification difficult

[edit] Pathogenic Familiae

[edit] Biotechnologically exploited Familiae

[edit] External links