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	40th United States Congress
	; United States Capitol (1869)
	Duration: March 4, 1867 – March 4, 1869
President of the Senate:	Vacant
President pro tempore:	Benjamin Wade
Speaker of the House:	Schuyler Colfax; Theodore M. Pomeroy
Members:	68 Senators; 226 Representatives; 8 Non-voting members
Senate Majority:	Republican
House Majority:	Republican
Sessions
	Special: April 1, 1867 – April 20, 1867; 1st: March 4, 1867 – December 1, 1867; 2nd: December 2, 1867 – November 10, 1868; 3rd: December 7, 1868 – March 4, 1869
<39th	41st>

The Fortieth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1867 to March 4, 1869, during the last two years of the administration of U.S. President Andrew Johnson.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

[edit] Party summary

Arkansas, Florida, Alabama, North Carolina, Louisiana, and South Carolina were readmitted to representation in this Congress.

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

Democratic (D): 9
Republican (R): 57 (majority)
vacant: 2

TOTAL members: 68

House of Representatives

TOTAL members: 226

[edit] Leadership

Senate

Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
- vacant
President pro tempore of the Senate:
- Benjamin F. Wade, Republican of Ohio, elected March 4, 1867.

House of Representatives

Speaker of the House
- Schuyler Colfax, Republican of Indiana, reelected March 4, 1867.
- Theodore M. Pomeroy, Republican of New York, elected March 3, 1869.

[edit] Major events

Main articles: 1867#Events, 1868#Events, and 1869#Events

[edit] Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation#40th United States Congress

Reconstruction Acts, continued:
- March 23, 1867, ch. 6, 15 Stat. 2
- July 19, 1867, ch. 30, 15 Stat. 14
- March 11, 1868, ch. 25, 15 Stat. 41

[edit] States admitted and/or Territories organized

July 25, 1868 – Wyoming Territory was organized.

[edit] Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

[edit] Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1868; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1870; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1872.

Alabama

3: George E. Spencer (R), installed July 13, 1868
2: Willard Warner (R), installed July 13, 1868

Arkansas

2: Alexander McDonald (R), installed June 22, 1868
3: Benjamin F. Rice (R), installed June 23, 1868

California

1: John Conness (R)
3: Cornelius Cole (R)

Connecticut

1: James Dixon (R)
3: Orris S. Ferry (R)

Delaware

1: George Read Riddle (D)

James A. Bayard, Jr. (D)
2: Willard Saulsbury, Sr. (D)

Florida

3: Thomas W. Osborn (R), installed June 25, 1868
1: Adonijah S. Welch (R), installed July 17, 1868

Georgia

2: vacant
3: vacant

Illinois

3: Lyman Trumbull (R)
2: Richard Yates (R)

Indiana

1: Thomas A. Hendricks (D)
3: Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R)

Iowa

2: James W. Grimes (R)
3: James Harlan (R)

Kansas

3: Samuel C. Pomeroy (R)
2: Edmund G. Ross (R)

Kentucky

3: Garrett Davis (D)
2: James Guthrie (D)

Thomas C. McCreery (D)

Louisiana

2: John S. Harris (R), installed July 8, 1868
3: William Pitt Kellogg (R), installed July 9, 1868

Maine

1: Lot M. Morrill (R)
2: William Pitt Fessenden (R)

Maryland

1: Reverdy Johnson (D)

William Pinkney Whyte (D)
3: George Vickers (D), installed March 7, 1868

Massachusetts

1: Charles Sumner (R)
2: Henry Wilson (R)

Michigan

1: Zachariah Chandler (R)
2: Jacob M. Howard (R)

Minnesota

1: Alexander Ramsey (R)
2: Daniel S. Norton (R)

Mississippi

1: vacant
2: vacant

Missouri

1: John B. Henderson (R)
3: Charles D. Drake (R)

Nebraska

2: John M. Thayer (R)
1: Thomas W. Tipton (R)

Nevada

1: William M. Stewart (R)
3: James W. Nye (R)

New Hampshire

2: Aaron H. Cragin (R)
3: James W. Patterson (R)

New Jersey

2: Alexander G. Cattell (R)
1: Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R)

New York

1: Edwin D. Morgan (R)
3: Roscoe Conkling (R)

North Carolina

2: Joseph C. Abbott (R), installed July 14, 1868
3: John Pool (R), installed July 14, 1868

Ohio

1: Benjamin F. Wade (R)
3: John Sherman (R)

Oregon

2: George H. Williams (R)
3: Henry W. Corbett (R)

Pennsylvania

1: Charles R. Buckalew (D)
3: Simon Cameron (R)

Rhode Island

2: Henry B. Anthony (R)
1: William Sprague (R)

South Carolina

2: Thomas J. Robertson (R), installed July 15, 1868
3: Frederick A. Sawyer (R), installed July 16, 1868

Tennessee

2: Joseph S. Fowler (R)
1: David T. Patterson (D)

Texas

1: vacant
2: vacant

Vermont

1: George F. Edmunds (R)
3: Justin S. Morrill (R)

Virginia

1: vacant
2: vacant

West Virginia

1: Peter G. Van Winkle (R)
2: Waitman T. Willey (R)

Wisconsin

1: James R. Doolittle (R)
3: Timothy O. Howe (R)

President pro tempore
Benjamin F. Wade

[edit] House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

See also: Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives

See also: Category:United States congressional delegations by state

Alabama

1: Francis W. Kellogg (R), installed July 22, 1868
2: Charles W. Buckley (R), installed July 21, 1868
3: Benjamin W. Norris (R), installed July 21, 1868
4: Charles W. Pierce (R), installed July 21, 1868
5: John B. Callis (R), installed July 21, 1868
6: Thomas Haughey (R), installed July 21, 1868

Arkansas

1: Logan H. Roots (R), installed June 22, 1868
2: James M. Hinds (R), installed June 22, 1868

James T. Elliott (R)installed June 22, 1868
3: Thomas Boles (R), installed June 22, 1868

California

Connecticut

Delaware

A/L: John A. Nicholson (D)

Florida

A/L: Charles M. Hamilton (R), installed July 1, 1868

Georgia

1: Joseph W. Clift (R), installed July 25, 1868
2: Nelson Tift (D), installed July 25, 1868
3: William P. Edwards (R), installed July 25, 1868
4: Samuel F. Gove (R), installed July 25, 1868
5: Charles H. Prince (R), installed July 25, 1868
6: vacant
7: Pierce M. B. Young (D), installed July 25, 1868

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

A/L: Sidney Clarke (R)

Kentucky

1: Lawrence S. Trimble (D)
2: vacant
3: Elijah Hise (D)

Jacob S. Golladay (D)
4: J. Proctor Knott (D)
5: Asa P. Grover (D)
6: Thomas L. Jones (D)
7: James B. Beck (D)
8: George M. Adams (D)
9: Samuel McKee (R), installed June 22, 1868

Louisiana

1: J. Hale Sypher (R), installed July 18, 1868
2: James Mann (D), installed July 18, 1868 until August 26, 1868, vacant for remainder of term
3: Joseph P. Newsham (R), installed July 18, 1868
4: Michel Vidal (R), installed July 18, 1868
5: W. Jasper Blackburn (R), installed July 18, 1868

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

1: William Windom (R)
2: Ignatius L. Donnelly (R)

Missouri

1: William A. Pile (R)
2: Carman A. Newcomb (R)
3: Thomas E. Noell (D)

James R. McCormick (D)
4: Joseph J. Gravely (R)
5: Joseph W. McClurg (R)

John H. Stover (R)
6: Robert T. Van Horn (R)
7: Benjamin F. Loan (R)
8: John F. Benjamin (R)
9: George W. Anderson (R)

Nebraska

A/L: John Taffe (R)

Nevada

A/L: Delos R. Ashley (R)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

1: Stephen Taber (D)
2: Demas Barnes (D)
3: William E. Robinson (D)
4: John Fox (D)
5: John Morrissey (D)
6: Thomas E. Stewart CR
7: John W. Chanler (D)
8: James Brooks (D)
9: Fernando Wood (D)
10: William H. Robertson (R)
11: Charles H. Van Wyck (R)
12: John H. Ketcham (R)
13: Thomas Cornell (R)
14: John V. L. Pruyn (D)
15: John A. Griswold (R)
16: Orange Ferriss (R)
17: Calvin T. Hulburd (R)
18: James M. Marvin (R)
19: William C. Fields (R)
20: Addison H. Laflin (R)
21: Roscoe Conkling (R)

Alexander H. Bailey (R)
22: John C. Churchill (R)
23: Dennis McCarthy (R)
24: Theodore M. Pomeroy (R)
25: William H. Kelsey (R)
26: William S. Lincoln (R)
27: Hamilton Ward, Sr. (R)
28: Lewis Selye IR
29: Burt Van Horn (R)
30: James M. Humphrey (D)
31: Henry H. Van Aernam (R)

North Carolina

1: John R. French (R), installed July 15, 1868
2: David Heaton (R), installed July 25, 1868
3: Oliver H. Dockery (R), installed July 13, 1868
4: John T. Deweese (R), installed July 6, 1868
5: Israel G. Lash (R), installed July 20, 1868
6: Nathaniel Boyden (C), installed July 13, 1868
7: Alexander H. Jones (R), installed July 6, 1868

Ohio

1: Benjamin Eggleston (R)
2: Rutherford B. Hayes (R)

Samuel F. Cary (IR)
3: Robert C. Schenck (R)
4: William Lawrence (R)
5: William Mungen (D)
6: Reader W. Clarke (R)
7: Samuel Shellabarger (R)
8: Cornelius S. Hamilton (R)

John Beatty (R)
9: Ralph P. Buckland (R)
10: James M. Ashley (R)
11: John T. Wilson (R)
12: Philadelph Van Trump (D)
13: George W. Morgan (D)

Columbus Delano (R)
14: Martin Welker (R)
15: Tobias A. Plants (R)
16: John A. Bingham (R)
17: Ephraim R. Eckley (R)
18: Rufus P. Spalding (R)
19: James A. Garfield (R)

Oregon

A/L: Rufus Mallory (R)

Pennsylvania

1: Samuel J. Randall (D)
2: Charles O'Neill (R)
3: Leonard Myers (R)
4: William D. Kelley (R)
5: Caleb N. Taylor (R)
6: Benjamin M. Boyer (D)
7: John M. Broomall (R)
8: J. Lawrence Getz (D)
9: Thaddeus Stevens (R)

Oliver J. Dickey (R)
10: Henry L. Cake (R)
11: Daniel M. Van Auken (D)
12: Charles Denison (D)

George W. Woodward (D)
13: Ulysses Mercur (R)
14: George F. Miller (R)
15: Adam J. Glossbrenner (D)
16: William H. Koontz (R)
17: Daniel J. Morrell (R)
18: Stephen F. Wilson (R)
19: Glenni W. Scofield (R)
20: Darwin A. Finney (R)

S. Newton Pettis (R)
21: John Covode (R)
22: James K. Moorhead (R)
23: Thomas Williams (R)
24: George V. Lawrence (R)

Rhode Island

1: Thomas A. Jenckes (R)
2: Nathan F. Dixon, Jr. (R)

South Carolina

1: B. Frank Whittemore (R), installed July 18, 1868
2: Christopher C. Bowen (R), installed July 18, 1868
3: M. Simeon Corley (R), installed July 25, 1868
4: James H. Goss (R), installed July 18, 1868

Tennessee

Vermont

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Speaker of the House
Schuyler Colfax

Speaker of the House
Theodore M. Pomeroy

[edit] Delegates

Arizona Territory

A/L: Coles Bashford (I)

Colorado Territory

A/L: George M. Chilcott (R)

Dakota Territory

A/L: Walter A. Burleigh (R)

Idaho Territory

A/L: Edward D. Holbrook (D)

Montana Territory

A/L: James M. Cavanaugh (D)

New Mexico Territory

A/L: Charles P. Clever (D)

J. Francisco Chaves (R)

Utah Territory

A/L: William H. Hooper (D)

Washington Territory

A/L: Alvan Flanders (R)

[edit] Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

replacements: 3
- Democratic: 2 seat net loss
- Republican: 2 seat net gain
deaths: 1
resignations: 2
interim appointments: 1
seats from newly admitted states: 2
Total seats with changes:

House of Representatives

replacements: 10
- Democratic: no net change
- Republican: 1 seat net loss
- Independent Republican: 1 seat net gain
deaths: 8
resignations: 3
contested election: 3
seats from newly admitted states: 1
Total seats with changes: 15

[edit] Officers

Senate

Secretary of the Senate:
- John W. Forney of Pennsylvania elected July 15, 1861
- George C. Gorham of Massachusetts elected June 4, 1868
Sergeant at Arms of the Senate:
- George T. Brown of Illinois, elected July 6, 1861
Chaplain of the Senate
- The Rev. Edgar H. Gray, Baptist, elected March 9, 1865

Other

Architect of the Capitol:
- Edward Clark, appointed August 30, 1865

House of Representatives

Clerk of the House:
- Edward McPherson of Pennsylvania, elected March 4, 1867
Sergeant at Arms of the House:
- Nehemiah G. Ordway of New Hampshire, elected March 4, 1867
Doorkeeper of the House:
- Charles E. Lippincott of Illinois, elected March 4, 1867
Postmaster of the House:
- William S. King of Minnesota, elected March 4, 1867
Messenger to the Speaker:
- William D. Todd
Chaplain of the House
- The Rev. Charles B. Boynton, Congregationalist, elected March 4, 1867

[edit] References

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

[edit] External links

Contents

[edit] Party summary

[edit] Leadership

[edit] Major events

[edit] Major legislation

[edit] States admitted and/or Territories organized

[edit] Members

[edit] Senate

[edit] House of Representatives

[edit] Delegates

[edit] Changes in membership

[edit] Officers

[edit] References

[edit] External links