Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). It is most widely known for being the year in which World War II ended. It is also known as the beginning of the Cold War. [edit] Events of 1945 -
- (Below, many events of World War II have the "WW II" prefix.)
[edit] January - January – American troops cross the Siegfried Line into Belgium.
- January 5 – The Australian Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland.
- January 7 – British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference at Zonhoven describing his supporting role at the Battle of the Bulge.
- January 9 – World War II: The Soviet Union begins the Vistula-Oder Offensive in Eastern Europe against the Nazis.
- January 16 – World War II: A German patrol arrests Raoul Wallenberg in Hungary.
- January 19 – World War II: Adolf Hitler evacuates to his underground Führerbunker.
- January 20 – World War II:
- January 22 – Franklin D. Roosevelt is inaugurated to an unprecedented 4th term as President of the United States. No president before, or since, has ever reached a third term in office.
- January 23 – Hungary drops out of World War II, agreeing to an armistice with the Allies.
- January 27 – The Holocaust – The Red Army liberates the Auschwitz and Birkenau death camps.
- January 28 – World War II: Supplies begin to reach China over the newly reopened Burma Road.
- January 30 – The Wilhelm Gustloff, with over 10,000 mainly civilian Germans from Gotenhafen (Gdynia) in the Gdansk Bay, is sunk by three torpedoes from the Soviet submarine S-13 in the Baltic Sea; 7,700 die.
- January 30 – Raid at Cabanatuan: 121 American soldiers and 800 Filipino guerrillas free 813 American POWs from the Japanese-held camp at Cabanatuan City, Philippines.
- January 31 – Eddie Slovik is executed by firing squad for desertion, the first American soldier since the American Civil War, and last to date to be executed for this offense.
[edit] February - March – Annelies Marie Frank, also called Anne Frank, dies in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, Lower Saxony, Germany of typhus.
- March 1 – Franklin D. Roosevelt gives what will be his last address to a joint session of Congress, reporting on the Yalta Conference.
- March 2 – Former U.S. Vice-President Henry Agard Wallace starts his term of office as U.S. Secretary of Commerce, serving under President Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
- March 2 – The Bachem Ba 349 Natter is launched from Stetten am kalten Markt. The Natter is the first manned rocket, developed as anti-aircraft weapon. The launch fails and the pilot dies.[2]
- March 3 – WW II:
- Previously neutral Finland declares war on the Axis powers.
- A possible experimental atomic test blast occurs at the Nazis' Ohrdruf military testing area.
- The United States and Filipino troops take Manila, Philippines.
- March 4 – In the United Kingdom, Princess Elizabeth, later to become Queen Elizabeth II, joins the British Army as a driver.
- March 6 – A Communist-led government is formed in Romania.
- March 7 – WW II: American troops seize the bridge over the Rhine River at Remagen, Germany and begin to cross.
- March 8 – Josip Broz Tito forms a government in Yugoslavia.
- March 9–10 – WW II: American B-29 bombers attack Japan with incendiary bombs; Tokyo is fire-bombed killing 100,000 citizens.
- March 15 – The 17th Academy Awards ceremony is held, broadcast via radio for the first time. Best Picture goes to Going My Way.
- March 16 – WW II: The Battle of Iwo Jima ends, with small pockets of guerrilla resistance persisting past the official conclusion of the battle.
- March 17 – WW II: Kobe, Japan is fire-bombed by 331 B-29 bombers, killing over 8,000 people.
- March 18 – WW II: 1,250 American bombers attack Berlin.
- March 19 – WW II:
- Adolf Hitler orders that all industries, military installations, machine shops, transportation facilities and communications facilities in Germany be destroyed.
- Off the coast of Japan, bombers hit the aircraft carrier USS Franklin, killing about 800 of her crewmen and crippling the ship.
- March 21 – WW II: British troops liberate Mandalay, Burma.
- March 22 – The Arab League is formed with the adoption of a charter in Cairo, Egypt.
- March 24
- March 29 – The "Clash of Titans": George Mikan and Bob Kurland duel at Madison Square Garden. OSU defeats DePaul 52–44.
- March 30 – WW II:
- April 1 – WW II – Battle of Okinawa: United States troops land on Okinawa.
- April 4 – WW II: American troops liberate their first Nazi concentration camp, Ohrdruf death camp in Germany.
- April 7 – WW II:
- April 9 – Abwehr conspirators Wilhelm Canaris, Hans Oster and Hans Dohanyi are hanged at Flossenberg concentration camp, along with pastor Dietrich Bonhoeffer.
- April 9 – WW II: The Battle of Königsberg, in East Prussia, ends.
- April 10 – The Allied Forces liberate the Nazi concentration camp, Buchenwald.
- April 12 – United States President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1933–1945) dies suddenly at Warm Springs, Georgia; Vice President Harry S. Truman (1945–1953) becomes the 33rd President.
- April 15 – The Bergen-Belsen concentration camp is liberated.
- April 16 – WW II: The Goya is sunk by the Soviet submarine L-3.
- April 17 – Brazilian forces liberate the town of Montese, Italy, from German forces.
- April 18 – the American war correspondent Ernie Pyle is killed by Japanese machine gun fire on the island of Ie Shima off Okinawa.
- April 19 – Rodgers and Hammerstein's Carousel, a musical play based on Ferenc Molnar's Liliom, opens on Broadway and becomes their second long-running stage classic.
- April 22 – Heinrich Himmler, through Count Bernadotte, puts forth an offer of German surrender to the Western Allies, but not the Soviet Union.
- April 24 – Retreating German troops destroy all the bridges over the Adige in Verona, including the historical Ponte di Castelvecchio and Ponte Pietra.
- April 25 – Founding negotiations for the United Nations begin in San Francisco.
- April 25 – WW II – Elbe Day: United States and Soviet troops link up at the Elbe River, cutting Germany in two.
- April 26 – Battle of Bautzen (World War II): The last "successful" German panzer-offensive in Bautzen ends with the city recaptured.
- April 27
- U.S. Ordinance troops find the coffins of Frederick Wilhelm I, Frederick the Great, Paul Von Hindenburg, and his wife.
- The Western Allies flatly reject any offer of surrender by Germany other than unconditional on all fronts.
- April 28 – Benito Mussolini and his mistress, Clara Petacci, are executed by Italian partisans as they attempt to flee the country. Their bodies are then hung by their heels in the public square of Milan.
- April 29 – Operation Manna: British Lancaster bombers drop food into the Netherlands to prevent the starvation of the civilian population.
- April 29 – Brazilian forces liberate the commune of Fornovo di Taro, Italy, from German forces.
- April 30 – Adolf Hitler and his wife of one day, Eva Braun, commit suicide as the Red Army approaches the Führerbunker in Berlin. Karl Dönitz succeeds Hitler as President of Germany. Joseph Goebbels succeeds Hitler as Chancellor of Germany.
- May 1 – WW II:
- May 2 – WW II:
- May 3 – WW II:
- May 4 – WW II:
- The concentration camp Neuengamme near Hamburg is liberated by the British Army.
- The North German army surrenders to Marshal Bernard Montgomery.
- Holland is liberated by British and Canadian troops. [1] German troops officially surrender one day later.
- Denmark is liberated. [2] All German troops there officially surrender one day later.
- May 5 – WW II:
- May 6 – WW II: Axis Sally delivers her last propaganda broadcast to Allied troops (the first was on December 11, 1941).
- May 7 – WW II: General Alfred Jodl signs unconditional surrender terms at Rheims, France, ending Germany's participation in the war. The document takes effect the next day.
- May 8 – WW II:
- V-E Day (Victory in Europe, as Nazi Germany surrenders) commemorates the end of World War II in Europe, with the final surrender being to the Soviets in Berlin, attended by representatives of the Western Powers.
- The British 8th Army, together with Slovene partisan troops and a motorized detachment of the Yugoslav 4th Army, arrives in Carinthia and Klagenfurt.
- May 8–29 – Sétif massacre: In Algeria, thousands die as French troops and released Italian POWs kill an estimated 6,000 Algerian citizens.
- May 9 – WW II:
- May 14–15 – WW II – Battle of Poljana: The last battle of WW II in Europe is fought at Poljana near Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia.
- May 23 – President of Germany Karl Dönitz and Chancellor of Germany Count Lutz Schwerin von Krosigk are arrested by British forces at Flensburg. They are respectively the last German Head of state and Head of government until 1949.
- May 23 – Heinrich Himmler, former head of the Nazi SS, commits suicide in British custody.
- May 28 – William Joyce ("Lord Haw-Haw") is captured. He is later charged with high treason in London for his English-language wartime broadcasts on German radio, convicted, and then hanged in January 1946.
- May 29 – German communists, led by Walther Ulbricht, arrive in Berlin.
- May 29 – the Dutch painter Han van Meegeren is arrested for collaboration with the Nazis, but the paintings he had sold to Hermann Göring (Koch) are later found to be his fakes.
- May 30 – The Iranian government demands that all Soviet and British troops leave the country.
- July 1 – WW II: Germany is divided between the Allied occupation forces.
- July 5 – WW II: The Philippines are declared liberated.
- July 8 – WW II: Harry S. Truman is informed that Japan will talk peace if it can retain the reign of the Emperor. [4]
- July 9 – A forest fire breaks out in the Tillamook Burn (the third in that area since 1933).
- July 16 – The Trinity Test, the first of an atomic bomb, using about six kilograms of plutonium, succeeds in unleashing an explosion equivalent to that of 19 kilotons of TNT.
- July 16 – WW II: A train collision near Munich, Germany kills 102 war prisoners.
- July 17 – WW II – Potsdam Conference: At Potsdam, the 3 main Allied leaders begin their final summit of the war (meeting ends August 2).
- July 21 – WW II: President Harry S. Truman approves the order for atomic bombs to be used against Japan. [5]
- July 23 – WW II: French marshal Philippe Pétain, who headed the Vichy government during World War II, goes on trial for treason.
- July 26 – Winston Churchill resigns as the United Kingdom's Prime Minister after his Conservative Party is soundly defeated by the Labour Party in the 1945 general election. Clement Attlee becomes the new Prime Minister.
- July 26 – The Potsdam Declaration demands Japan's unconditional surrender; Article 12 permitting Japan to retain the reign of the Emperor has been deleted by President Truman. [6]
- July 28 – An U.S. Army Air Forces B-25 bomber crashes into the Empire State Building, killing 14 people, including all on board.
- July 28 – WW II: Japan ambiguously rejects the Potsdam Declaration. [7].
- July 29 – The BBC Light Programme radio station is launched, aimed at mainstream light entertainment and music.
- July 30 – WW II: The heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis is hit and sunk by torpedoes from the Japanese submarine I-58 in the Philippine Sea. Some 900 survivors jump into the sea and are adrift for up to four days. Nearly 600 die before help arrives. Captain Charles B. McVay III of the cruiser is later court-martialed and convicted.
[edit] August [9] [edit] September - September 2 – Japanese general Tomoyuki Yamashita surrenders to Filipino and American forces at Kiangan, Ifugao.
- September 2 – World War II ends: The final official surrender of Japan is accepted by the Supreme Allied Commander, General Douglas MacArthur, and Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz for the United States, and delegates from Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, The Netherlands, China, and others from a Japanerse delegation led by Mamoru Shigemitsu, on board the American battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay (but in Japan August 14 is recognized as the day the Pacific War ended).
- September 2 – Ho Chi Minh promulgates the Vietnamese Declaration of Independence, and unity from the north to the south.
- September 4 – WW II: Japanese forces surrender on Wake Island after hearing word of their country's surrender.
- September 5 – Iva Toguri D'Aquino, a Japanese-American suspected of being wartime radio propagandist "Tokyo Rose," is arrested in Yokohama.
- September 5 – The Russian code clerk Igor Gouzenko comes forward with numerous documents implicating the Soviet Union in numerous spy rings in North America: both in the United States and in Canada.
- September 8 – American troops occupy southern Korea, while the Soviet Union occupies the north, with the dividing line being the 38th parallel of latitude. This arrangement proves to be the indirect beginning of a divided Korea.
- September 8 – Hideki Tojo, Japanese prime minister during most of World War II, attempts suicide to avoid facing a war crimes tribunal.
- September 9 – The first actual case of (a computer) bug being found, is a moth lodged in a relay of a Harvard Mark II computer at the Naval Weapons Center in Dahlgren, Virginia.
- September 11 – Radio Republik Indonesia starts broadcasting.
- September 11 – The Batu Lintang camp in Sarawak, Borneo is liberated by Australian forces.
- September 12 – The Japanese Army formally surrenders to the British in Singapore.
- September 18 – Typhoon Makurazaki in Japan kills 3,746 people.
- September 20 – Mohandas Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru demand that all British troops depart India.
[edit] October [edit] November - November 1 – John H. Johnson publishes the first issue of the magazine Ebony.
- November 1 – Telechron introduces the model 8H59 "Musalarm", the first clock radio.
- November 9 – Soo bahk do Moo Duk Kwan is founded.
- November 13 – Charles De Gaulle is elected head of a French provisional government
- November 15 – Harry S. Truman, Clement Attlee, and Mackenzie King call for a U.N. Atomic Energy Commission.[10]
- November 16 – Cold War: The United States controversially imports 88 German scientists to help in the production of rocket technology.
- November 16 – The motion picture The Lost Weekend, starring Ray Milland, is released. The most realistic film portrayal of alcoholism up to that time, it wins several Oscars in the following year.
- November 16 – Yeshiva College is founded.
- November 20 – The Nuremberg Trials begin: Trials against 24 Nazi war criminals of World War II start at the Nuremberg Palace of Justice.
- November 28 – An earthquake in Balochistan (Pakistan) causes a tsunami and kills 4,000.
- November 29 – The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is declared (this day is celebrated as Republic Day until the 1990s). Marshal Tito is named president.
- November 29 – Assembly of the world's first general purpose electronic computer, the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC), is completed. It covers 1,800 square feet (170 m2) of floor space. The first set of calculations is run on the computer.
[edit] December [edit] Undated [edit] Science and technology - The Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, the first chiropractic college in Canada, initiates its four year doctoral program.
- At the Mayo Clinic, streptomycin is first used to treat tuberculosis.
- Percy Spencer accidentally discovers that microwaves can heat food. The invention of the microwave oven follows.
- Grand Rapids, Michigan, and Newburgh, New York, become the first cities or towns to add fluoride to municipal drinking water.
- The first nuclear reactor outside of the U.S. is completed in Chalk River, Ontario.
- High-altitude, west-to-east winds across the Pacific Ocean (discovered by the Japanese in 1942 and by U.S. Army Air Forces in 1944) are dubbed the jet stream.
- Salvador Edward Luria and Alfred Day Hershey independently recognize that viruses undergo mutations.
- The herbicide 2,4-D is introduced; it is later used as a component of Agent Orange.
- A team led by Charles DuBois Coryell discovers chemical element 61, the only one still missing between one and 96 on the periodic table. The new element is called promethium.
- Raymond Libby develops the oral penicillin antibiotic.
- American Canamid discovers folic acid, a vitamin abundant in green leafy vegetables, liver, kidney, and yeast.
- The first geothermal milk pasteurization is done in Klamath Falls, Oregon.
[edit] Births [edit] January - January 3 – Stephen Stills, American rock singer and songwriter
- January 3 – Abbas Khattak, Commander of the Pakistan Air Force
- January 4 – Richard R. Schrock, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- January 10 – Jennifer Moss, British actress (d. 2006)
- January 10 – Rod Stewart, British rock singer
- January 14 – Einar Hakonarson, Icelandic painter
- January 15 – Vince Foster, deputy White House counsel during the first term of President Bill Clinton (d. 1993)
- January 15 – Princess Michael of Kent, member of the British Royal Family
- January 20 – Robert Olen Butler, American writer
- January 26 – Jacqueline du Pré, English cellist (d. 1987)
- January 27 – Harold Cardinal, Cree political leader, writer, and lawyer (d. 2005)
- January 29 – Jim Nicholson, Northern Irish politician
- January 29 – Tom Selleck, American actor
- January 30 – Michael Dorris, American author (d. 1997)
- January 31 – Joseph Kosuth, American artist
[edit] February - February 2 – David Friedman, American economist
- February 3 – Bob Griese, American football player
- February 3 – Philip Waruinge, Kenyan boxer
- February 5 – Charlotte Rampling, English actress
- February 6 – Bob Marley, Jamaican reggae singer and musician (d. 1981)
- February 7 – Gerald Davies, Welsh rugby player
- February 7 – Pete Postlethwaite, English actor
- February 9 – Mia Farrow, American actress
- February 12 – Maud Adams, Swedish actress
- February 16 – Frank Welker, American voice actor
- February 14 – Prince Hans-Adam II of Liechtenstein
- February 17 – Brenda Fricker, Irish actress
- February 24 – Barry Bostwick, American actor
- February 25 – Elkie Brooks, English singer
- February 25 – Roy Saari, American swimmer
- February 26 – Marta Kristen, Norwegian actress
- February 27 – Carl Anderson, American singer and actor (d. 2004)
- February 28 – Bubba Smith, American football player and actor
- March 1 – Dirk Benedict, American actor
- March 4 – Dieter Meier, Swiss singer and children's writer
- March 4 – Tommy Svensson, Swedish football manager and former player
- March 4 – Gary Williams, American basketball coach
- March 7 – John Heard, American actor
- March 8 – Jim Chapman, American politician
- March 8 – Micky Dolenz, American actor, director, and rock musician (The Monkees)
- March 8 – Anselm Kiefer, German painter
- March 9 – Dennis Rader, American serial killer
- March 13 – Anatoly Timofeevich Fomenko, Russian mathematician
- March 15 – A. K. Faezul Huq, Bangladeshi lawyer and politician (d. 2007)
- March 17 – Katri Helena, Finnish singer
- March 19 – Cem Karaca, Turkish musician (d. 2004)
- March 20 – Jay Ingram, Canadian television host, author and journalist
- March 20 – Pat Riley, American basketball coach
- March 26 – Mikhail Voronin, Russian gymnast (d. 2004)
- March 29 – Walt Frazier, American basketball player
- March 30 – Eric Clapton, English rock guitarist
- March 31 – Gabe Kaplan, American actor, comedian, and professional poker player
- April 2 – Linda Hunt, American actress
- April 4 – Daniel Cohn-Bendit, French activist
- April 7 – Werner Schroeter, German film director
- April 9 – Peter Gammons, American baseball sportswriter
- April 12 – Antonio Lujan, member of the New Mexico House of Representatives
- April 12 – Lee Jong-wook, Korean Director-General of the World Health Organization (d. 2006)
- April 13 – Tony Dow, American actor, producer, and director (Leave It to Beaver)
- April 13 – Lowell George, American rock musician (Little Feat)
- April 13 – Bob Kalsu, American football player (d. 1970)
- April 14 – Ritchie Blackmore, English rock guitarist (Deep Purple)
- April 21 – Diana Darvey, British actress, singer and dancer (d. 2000)
- April 25 – Björn Ulvaeus, Swedish rock songwriter (ABBA)
- April 27 – August Wilson, American playwright (d. 2005)
- April 29 – Hugh Hopper, British musician (d. 2009)
- April 29 – Tammi Terrell, American soul singer (d. 1970)
- May 1 – Rita Coolidge, American pop singer
- May 2 – Sarah Weddington, American attorney
- May 4 – Narasinham Ram, Indian journalist
- May 5 – Kurt Loder, American film critic, author, and television personality
- May 6 – Jimmie Dale Gilmore, American musician
- May 6 – Bob Seger, American rock singer
- May 8 – Keith Jarrett, American musician
- May 14 – Yochanan Vollach, former Israeli footballer and president of Maccabi Haifa, CEO
- May 15 – Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza, heir to the Portuguese crown
- May 16 – Nicky Chinn, English rock songwriter (The Sweet, Suzi Quatro)
- May 17 – Tony Roche, Australian tennis player
- May 19 – Pete Townshend, English rock guitarist and lyricist (The Who)
- May 21 – Ernst Messerschmid, German physicist and astronaut
- May 23 – Doris Mae Oulton, Canadian community developer
- May 24 – Priscilla Presley, American actress
- May 28 – John Fogerty, American rock singer (Creedence Clearwater Revival)
- May 31 – Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German film director (d. 1982)
- June 1 – Frederica von Stade, American mezzo-soprano
- June 8 – Steven Fromholz, American singer-songwriter
- June 9 – Nike Wagner, German woman of the theater
- June 11 – Adrienne Barbeau, American film and television actress
- June 12 – Pat Jennings, Northern Irish footballer player
- June 14 – Jörg Immendorff, German painter
- June 15 – Françoise Chandernagor, French writer
- June 16 – Claire Alexander, Canadian ice hockey player
- June 17 – P. D. T. Acharya, Secretary General Lok Sabha
- June 17 – Frank Ashmore, American actor
- June 17 – Art Bell, American radio talk show host
- June 17 – Anupam Kher, Indian actor
- June 17 – Ken Livingstone, British politician
- June 17 – Eddy Merckx, Belgian cyclist
- June 19 – Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar poet, politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- June 19 – Radovan Karadžić, Serbian politician
- June 24 – George Pataki, former Governor of New York
- June 25 – Carly Simon, American singer and songwriter
- June 26 – Dwight York, American musician, fashion consultant, cult leader, and child molester
- July 1 – Debbie Harry, American rock singer (Blondie)
- July 5 – Lu Sheng-yen, leader of the True Buddha School
- July 6 – Burt Ward, American actor
- July 7 – Michael Ancram, British politician
- July 8 – Micheline Calmy-Rey, Swiss Federal Councilor
- July 9 – Dean R. Koontz, American writer
- July 10 – Ron Glass, American actor
- July 11 – Richard Wesley, American playwright and screenwriter
- July 15 – Jürgen Möllemann, German politician (d. 2003)
- July 16 – Victor Sloan, Irish artist
- July 17 – Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia
- July 20 – Kim Carnes, American singer-songwriter
- July 20 – Larry Craig, U.S. senator from Idaho
- July 21 – John Lowe, English darts player
- July 24 – Azim Premji, Indian businessman
- July 26 – Dame Helen Mirren, British actress
- July 28 – Jim Davis, American cartoonist
- July 30 – Roger Dobkowitz, American game show producer
[edit] August - August 1 – Douglas D. Osheroff, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- August 2 – Joanna Cassidy, American actress
- August 4 – Alan Mulally, American businessman, current CEO of the Ford Motor Company
- August 5 – Loni Anderson, American actress
- August 6 – Ron Jones, British director (d. 1995)
- August 7 – Alan Page, American football player
- August 9 – Posy Simmonds, English cartoonist
- August 14 – Steve Martin, American actor and comedian
- August 14 – Eliana Pittman, Brazilian singer and actress
- August 19 – Ian Gillan, English rock singer (Deep Purple)
- August 22 – Ron Dante, American rock singer, songwriter, and record producer (The Archies)
- August 24 – Vince McMahon, is an American professional wrestler, promoter, in-ring announcer, play-by-play commentator and film producer. He currently serves as the WWE chairman and chief executive officer of World Wrestling Entertainment
- August 26 – Tom Ridge, American politition
- August 31 – Van Morrison, Irish rock musician
- August 31 – Itzhak Perlman, Israeli-American violinist and conductor
[edit] September - September 1 – Mustafa Balel, Turkish writer
- September 5 – Al Stewart, Scottish singer-songwriter
- September 8 – Jose Feliciano, Puerto Rican singer
- September 11 – Franz Beckenbauer, German footballer and coach
- September 14 – Martin Tyler, British sports broadcaster
- September 15 – Jessye Norman, American soprano
- September 17 – Phil Jackson, American basketball coach
- September 19 – Randolph Mantooth, American actor
- September 21 – Shaw Clifton, General of The Salvation Army
- September 27 – Kay Ryan, American poet
- September 29 – Nadezhda Chizhova, Russian athlete
- September 30 – Ehud Olmert, 12th Prime Minister of Israel
[edit] October - October 2 – Don McLean, American rock singer-songwriter
- October 3 – Kay Baxter, American bodybuilder (d. 1988)
- October 6 – Ivan Graziani, Italian singer-songwriter (d. 1997)
- October 12 – Aurore Clément, French actress
- October 12 – Dusty Rhodes, American professional wrestler
- October 15 – Jim Palmer, American baseball player
- October 18 – Huell Howser, host of California's Gold.
- October 18 – Yıldo, Turkish showman, footballer
- October 19 – John Lithgow, American actor
- October 22 – Yvan Ponton, Canadian actor and sportscaster
- October 24 – Eugenie Scott, Executive Director of the National Center for Science Education
- October 25 – David Schramm, American astrophysicist
- October 25 – Peter Ledger, Australian artist (d. 1994)
- October 27 – Luís Inácio Lula da Silva, President of Brazil
- October 29 – Melba Moore, American singer and actress
- October 30 – Henry Winkler, American actor
- October 31 – Brian Doyle-Murray, American actor
[edit] November - November 3 – Gerd Muller, German footballer
- November 5 – Jacques Lanctôt, Canadian terrorist
- November 12 – Michael Bishop, American author
- November 12 – Tracy Kidder, American journalist and author
- November 12 – Neil Young, Canadian musician
- November 15 – Anni-Frid Lyngstad, Norwegian rock singer (ABBA)
- November 18 – Wilma Mankiller, Chief of the Cherokee Nation
- November 18 – Mahinda Rajapaksa, President of Sri Lanka
- November 21 – Goldie Hawn, American actress
- November 23 – Jerry Harris, American sculptor
- November 26 – Daniel Davis, American actor
- November 26 – John McVie, English rock musician (Fleetwood Mac)
- November 30 – Mary Millington, British porn star
[edit] December - December 1 – Bette Midler, American singer and actress
- December 6 – Larry Bowa, American baseball player
- December 6 – Dan Harrington, American poker player
- December 7 – Marion Rung, Finnish singer
- December 8 – John Banville, Irish novelist and journalist
- December 10 – Mukhtar Altynbayev, former Kazakhstani Minister of Defense and General of the Army of Kazakhstan
- December 12 – Tony Williams, American musician (d. 1997)
- December 13 – Kathy Garver, American actress
- December 20 – Peter George Criscoula, American rock drummer and singer (KISS)
- December 22 – Diane Sawyer, American television anchor
- December 24 – Ian "Lemmy" Kilminster, British bassist and singer (Motörhead)
- December 24 – Steve Smith, Canadian comedic actor
- December 26 – Joyce Jillson, American actress, astrologer (d. 2004)
- December 28 – King Birendra of Nepal (d. 2001)
- December 28 – Max Hastings, British writer
- December 30 – Concetta Tomei, American actress
[edit] Deaths [edit] January–March - January 2 – Bertram Ramsay, British admiral (b. 1883)
- January 3 – Edgar Cayce, American psychic (b. 1877)
- January 6 – Josefa Llanes Escoda, Filipino advocate of women's suffrage and founder of the Girl Scouts of the Philippines (b. 1898)
- January 9 – Jüri Uluots, Estonian statesman (b. 1890)
- January 22 – Else Lasker-Schuler, German poet (b. 1869)
- January 31 – Eddie Slovik, American soldier (executed) (b. 1920)
- February 1 – Prince Kiril of Bulgaria (b. 1895)
- February 2
- February 3 – Roland Freisler, Nazi German judge (b. 1893)
- February 5 – Denise Bloch, French World War II heroine (executed) (b. 1915)
- February 5 – Lilian Rolfe, French World War II heroine (executed) (b. 1914)
- February 5 – Violette Szabo, French World War II heroine (executed) (b. 1921)
- February 10 – Anacleto Diaz, Filipino jurist (murdered during the Battle of Manila) (b. 1878)
- February 11 – Al Dubin, Swiss songwriter (b. 1891)
- February 12 – Antonio Villa-Real, Filipino jurist (murdered during the Battle of Manila) (b. 1878)
- February 17 – Gabrielle Weidner, Belgian World War II heroine (b. 1914)
- February 21 – Eric Liddell, Scottish runner (b. 1902)
- February 25 – Mário de Andrade, Brazilian writer and photographer (b. 1893)
- March – Margot Frank (b. 1926) and her younger sister Anne Frank, German-born Jewish diarist (typhus) (b. 1929)
- March 2 – Emily Carr, Canadian artist (b. 1871)
- March 4
- March 16 – Börries von Münchhausen, German poet (b. 1874)
- March 18 – William Grover-Williams, French race car driver and war hero (b. 1903)
- March 19 – Friedrich Fromm, German Nazi official (b. 1888)
- March 20 – Lord Alfred Douglas, English poet (b. 1870)
- March 22 – Eliyahu Bet-Zuri, Israeli assassin (executed) (b. 1922)
- March 22 – Eliyahu Hakim, Israeli assassin (executed) (b. 1925)
- March 23 – Elisabeth de Rothschild, French World War II heroine (executed) (b. 1902)
- March 26 – David Lloyd George, Welsh Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1863)
- March 29 – Ferenc Csik, Hungarian swimmer (b. 1913)
- March 30 – Élise Rivet, French nun and war heroine (b. 1890)
- March 31 – Hans Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
- March 31 – Harriet Boyd-Hawes, American archaeologist (b. 1871)
[edit] April–June - April – Auguste van Pels, German-Jewish housemate of Anne Frank (b. 1900)
- April 5 – Huldreich Georg Früh, Swiss composer (b. 1903)
- April 7 – Elizabeth Bibesco, writer (b. 1897) (pneumonia)
- April 9 – Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German theologian (hanged) (b. 1906)
- April 9 – Wilhelm Canaris, head of the German Abwehr (hanged) (b. 1887)
- April 10
- April 12 – Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 32nd President of the United States (b. 1882)
- April 18 – Ernie Pyle, American journalist (sniper fire) (b. 1900)
- April 18 – William, Prince of Albania (b. 1876)
- April 22 – Käthe Kollwitz, German artist (b. 1867)
- April 24 – Ernst-Robert Grawitz, German Reichsphysician (S.S. and Police) in the Third Reich (b. 1899)
- April 28 – Benito Mussolini, Italian Fascist dictator (executed) (b. 1883)
- April 29 – Malcolm McGregor, American actor (b. 1892)
- April 30
- May 1
- May 2 – Martin Bormann, German Nazi leader (b. 1900)
- May 5 – Peter van Pels, German-Jewish love interest of diarist Anne Frank (b. 1926)
- May 8
- May 11– Kiyoshi Ogawa, Kamikaze pilot. (b.1922)
- May 14 – Heber J. Grant, 7th president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1856)
- May 15 – Charles Williams, British author (b. 1886)
- May 17 – Bobby Hutchins, Our Gang films child actor (b. 1925)
- May 18 – William Joseph Simmons, American founder of the second KKK (b. 1880)
- May 19 – Philipp Bouhler, German Nazi leader (b. 1899)
- May 23 – Heinrich Himmler, German head of the SS (suicide) (b. 1900)
- May 31 – Odilo Globocnik, Austrian Nazi leader (suicide) (b. 1904)
- June 8 – Robert Desnos, French poet and French resistance fighter (b. 1900)
- June 15 – Nikola Avramov, Bulgarian painter (b. 1897)
- June 16
[edit] July–September - July 5 – John Curtin, 14th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1885)
- July 13 – Alla Nazimova, Russian actress (b. 1879)
- July 16 – Addison Randall, American actor (b. 1906)
- July 20 – Paul Valéry, French poet (b. 1871)
- July 28 – Margot Asquith, Countess of Oxford and Asquith (b. 1864)
- July 31 – Artemio Ricarte, Filipino general (b. 1866)
- August 2 – Pietro Mascagni, Italian composer (b. 1863)
- August 9 – Harry Hillman, American athlete (b. 1881)
- August 10 – Robert Goddard, American rocket scientist (b. 1882)
- August 15 – Korechika Anami, Japanese general (b. 1887)
- August 18 – Subhash Chandra Bose, Indian political leader (b. 1897)
- August 19 – Tomas Burgos, Chilean philanthropist (b.1875)
- August 26 – Franz Werfel, Austrian writer (b. 1890)
- August 31 – Stefan Banach, Polish mathematician (b. 1892)
- September 1 – Frank Craven, American actor (b. 1881)
- September 12 – Sugiyama Hajime, Japanese general (b. 1880)
- September 15 – Anton Webern, Austrian composer (b. 1883)
- September 16 – John McCormack, Irish tenor (b. 1884)
- September 20
- September 24 – Johannes Hans Geiger, German physicist and inventor (b. 1882)
- September 26
[edit] October–December - October 13 – Milton Hershey, American chocolate tycoon (b. 1857)
- October 15 – Pierre Laval, Prime Minister of France (executed) (b. 1883)
- October 19
- October 21 – Henry Armetta, Italian actor (b. 1888)
- October 24 – Vidkun Quisling, Norwegian traitor (executed) (b. 1887)
- October 25 – Robert Ley, German Nazi politician (suicide) (b. 1890)
- October 26 – Paul Pelliot, French explorer (b. 1878)
- October 28 – Gilbert Emery, American actor (b. 1875)
- October 31 – Henry Ainley, English actor (b. 1879)
- November 7 – Gus Edwards, American songwriter (b. 1879)
- November 8 – August von Mackensen, German field marshal (b. 1849)
- November 11 – Jerome Kern, American composer (b. 1885)
- November 16 – Sigurður Eggerz, Prime Minister of Iceland during World War I (b. 1875)
- November 20 – Francis William Aston, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1877)
- November 21
- November 28 – Dwight F. Davis, American tennis player (b. 1879)
- December 4 – Thomas Hunt Morgan, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1866)
- December 5 – Cosmo Lang, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1864)
- December 13 – Josef Kramer, commandant of Bergen-Belsen concentration camp (executed) (b. 1906)
- December 14 – Forrester Harvey, Irish actor (b. 1884)
- December 16 – Fumimaro Konoe, Prime Minister of Japan (suicide) (b. 1891)
- December 21 – George S. Patton, U.S. general (car accident) (b. 1885)
- December 22 – Otto Neurath, Austrian philosopher and political economist (b. 1892)
- December 25 – Duy Tan, former emperor of Vietnam (b. 1899) (plane crash)
- December 28 – Theodore Dreiser, American author (b. 1871)
[edit] Nobel Prizes [edit] Ship events - ^ Guinness Book of World Records, 2008. Page 137.
- ^ "Year by Year 1945" – History Channel International
[edit] Table of Contents |
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