Year 1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). [edit] Events of 1884 [edit] January–March [edit] April–June [edit] July–September [edit] October–December - October – International Meridian Conference in Washington, D.C. fixes the Greenwich meridian as the world's prime meridian.
- October 6 – The United States Naval War College is established in Newport, Rhode Island.
- October 18 – The University of Wales, Bangor (UK) is founded.
- October 18 – The Upper Thames Sailing Club, Bourne End United Kingdom is founded.
- October 22 – The first woman receives a degree from the Royal University of Ireland.
- November 1 – The Irish Gaelic Athletic Association is founded in Thurles, Ireland.
- November 2 – Timişoara is the first town of Europe with streets illuminated by electric light.
- November 4 – United States presidential election, 1884: Democrat Grover Cleveland defeats Republican James G. Blaine in a very close contest to win the first of his non-consecutive terms.
- November 15 – The Berlin Conference which regulates European colonisation and trade in Africa begins (ends February 26, 1885).
- December 1 – American Old West: Near Frisco, New Mexico, deputy sheriff Elfego Baca holds off a gang of 80 Texan cowboys who want to kill him for arresting cowboy Charles McCarthy (the cowboys were terrorizing the area's Hispanos and Baca was working against them).
- December 6 – The Washington Monument is completed.
- December 16 – The World Cotton Centennial World's Fair opens in New Orleans, Louisiana.
[edit] Undated [edit] Births [edit] January–June - January 12 – Texas Guinan, American vaudeville performer (d. 1933)
- January 13 – Sophie Tucker, Russian-born singer and comedian (d. 1966)
- January 21 – Roger Nash Baldwin, American social activist (d. 1981)
- January 23 – Ralph DePalma, Italian-born race car driver (d. 1956)
- January 28 – Auguste Piccard, Swiss physicist, balloonist, and inventor (d. 1962)
- January 30 – Kamiyama Sojin, Japanese actor in American silent films, (d. 1954)
- January 31 – Theodor Heuss, German politician and publicist (d. 1963)
- February 1 – Bradbury Robinson, who threw the first forward pass in American football history in 1906 (d. 1949)
- February 10 – Frederick Hawksworth, GWR chief mechanical engineer (d. 1976)
- February 12
- February 13 – Alfred Carlton Gilbert, American athlete and inventor (d. 1961)
- February 16 – Robert J. Flaherty, American filmmaker (d. 1951)
- February 18 – Andrew Watson Myles, Canadian politician (d. 1970)
- February 22 – Abe Attell, American boxer (d. 1970)
- March 6 – R. Williams Parry, Welsh poet (d. 1956)
- March 13 – Sir Hugh Walpole, English novelist (d. 1941)
- March 17 – Alcide Nunez, American jazz musician (d. 1934)
- March 24 – Peter Debye, Dutch chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1966)
- March 25 – Georges Imbert, Alsatian chemist (d. 1950)
- March 26 – Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist (d. 1969)
- April 4 – Isoroku Yamamoto, Japanese naval commander (d. 1943)
- April 6 – Walter Huston, American actor (d. 1950)
- April 12
- May 1 – Henry Norwest, Canadian World War I sniper (d. 1918)
- May 8 – Harry S. Truman, 33rd President of the United States (d. 1972)
- May 10 – Olga Petrova, English-born actress (d. 1977)
- May 14 – Claudius Dornier, German aircraft designer (d. 1969)
- May 21 – Manuel Pérez y Curis, Uruguayan poet (b. 1920)
- May 27 – Max Brod, Austrian author (d. 1968)
- May 28 – Edvard Beneš, Czechoslovak politician (d. 1948)
[edit] July–December - July 12 – Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1920)
- July 15 – Phraya Manopakorn Nititada, Thailand's first Prime Minister (d. 1948)
- July 18 – Alberto di Jorio, former head of the Vatican Bank and secretary of the 1958 conclave (d. 1979)
- July 23 – Emil Jannings, Swiss actor (d. 1950)
- August 8 – Sara Teasdale, American poet (d. 1933)
- August 10 – Robert G. Fowler, American pioneer aviator (d. 1966)
- August 10 – Panait Istrati, Romanian writer (d. 1935)
- August 15 – Mary Nash, American actress (d. 1976)
- August 23 – Will Cuppy, American humorist (d. 1949)
- August 30 – Theodor Svedberg, Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
- September 17 – Charles Tomlinson Griffes, American composer (d. 1920)
- September 24
- October 7 – Major Harold Geiger, U.S. Army aviation pioneer (d. 1927)
- October 11
- October 16 – Rembrandt Bugatti, Italian sculptor (d. 1916)
- October 28 – William Douglas Cook, founder of Eastwoodhill Arboretum and Pukeiti (New Zealand) (d. 1967)
- November 20 – Norman Thomas, American social reformer (d. 1968)
- November 22 – Syed Sulaiman Nadvi, Indian/Pakistani historian, biographer, littérateur and scholar of Islam (d. 1953)
- December 3 – Walther Stampfli, member of the Swiss Federal Council (d. 1965)
- December 25 – Evelyn Nesbit, model & actress, (d. 1967)
- December 30 – Tojo Hideki, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1948)
- date unknown
[edit] Deaths [edit] January–June - January 6 – Gregor Mendel, Czech geneticist (b. 1822)
- January 25 – Johann Gottfried Piefke, German conductor and composer (b. 1815)
- March 1 – Isaac Todhunter, English mathematician (b. 1820)
- March 13 – Leland Stanford, Jr., in memory of whom Stanford University was founded (b. 1868).
- March 21 – Ezra Abbot, American Bible scholar (b. 1819)
- March 30 – Hans Hampel, Czech composer and pianist (b. 1922)
- April 4 – Marie Bashkirtseff, Russian artist (b. 1858)
- April 6 – Emanuel Geibel, poet and dramatist (b. 1815)
- April 24 – Marie Taglioni, ballerina (b. 1804)
- May 12 – Bedřich Smetana, Czech composer (b. 1824)
- May 13 – Cyrus McCormick, American inventor (b. 1809)
- June 25 – Hans Rott, Austrian composer (b. 1858)
[edit] July–December - July 1 – Allan Pinkerton, American detective (b. 1819)
- July 10 – Paul Morphy, American chess player (b. 1837)
- July 15 – Henry Wellesley, 1st Earl Cowley, diplomat (b. 1804)
- October 4 – Leona Florentino, Filipina poet (b. 1849)
- October 16 – Bernice Pauahi Bishop, Hawaiian ali‘i (b. 1831)
- October 18 – William VIII, Duke of Brunswick (b. 1806)
- November 16 – František Chvostek, Moravian physician (b. 1835)
- November 25 – Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe, German chemist (b. 1818)
- December 1 – William Swainson (lawyer), second, and last, Attorney-General (New Zealand) of the Crown Colony of New Zealand (b. 1809)
- December 20 – Domenico Consolini, Roman Catholic Cardinal (b. 1806)
- See also Category: 1884 deaths.
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