1870s Information & 1870s Links at HealthHaven.com

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	18th century – 19th century – 20th century
Decades:	1840s 1850s 1860s – 1870s – 1880s 1890s 1900s
Years:	1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879
Categories:	Births – Deaths – Architecture; Establishments – Disestablishments

The 1870s continued the trends of the previous decade, as new empires and an increase in imperialism and militarism rise in Europe and Asia. Germany declares independence in 1871 and begins its Second Reich. Labor unions and strikes occur worldwide in the later part of the decade, and continue until World War I. In America, the Reconstruction era brings a legacy of bitterness and segregation that lasts until the 1960s.

[edit] Events and trends

Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) resulted in the collapse of the Second French Empire and in the formation of both the French Third Republic and the German Empire.
The Anglo-Zulu War lasted from 11 January 1879 to 4 July 1879.
The Third Carlist War (1872–1876) was the last Carlist War in Spain.
The British Empire continued to grow; this decade marked the beginning of the New Imperialism
Bulgaria and Romania declared independence following a war against the Ottoman Empire.
Passive resistance was used to prevent the confiscation of Māori land at Parihaka in New Zealand
The German Empire and Alliance System emerged.
Racial and economic politics in America's Reconstruction are bitter, pessimistic, and sometimes violent.
The Gilded Age begins in 1874, lasting until 1896.

Jules Verne (France) publishes Around The World in Eighty Days
In the United States, continuation of post-Civil War reconstruction until its conclusion under President Rutherford B. Hayes in 1877
Monet, Renoir, Pissarro, and Sisley organized the Société Anonyme Coopérative des Artistes Peintres, Sculpteurs, Graveurs ("Cooperative and Anonymous Association of Painters, Sculptors, and Engravers") for the purpose of exhibiting their artworks independently. Members of the association, which soon included Cézanne, Berthe Morisot, and Edgar Degas, were expected to forswear participation in the Salon. The organizers invited a number of other progressive artists to join them in their inaugural exhibition, including the slightly older Eugène Boudin, whose example had first persuaded Monet to take up plein air painting years before.^[1] Another painter who greatly influenced Monet and his friends, Johan Jongkind, declined to participate, as did Manet. In total, thirty artists participated in their first exhibition, held in April 1874 at the studio of the photographer Nadar. The group soon became known as the Impressionists.
Jeanne Calment, born 1875, would eventually become the longest-living human being in recorded history. She lived until 1997, at the age of 122. She still holds the record as of 2009.

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