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[edit] Events

• January 1 – Enrico Dandolo becomes Doge of Venice.
• August 15 – Philip II of France marries Ingeborg, daughter of Valdemar I of Denmark.
• Following the death of Saladin, the lands of the Kurdish Ayyubid dynasty of Egypt and Syria are split among his descendants.
• Qutb-ud-Din, a Ghurid slave commander, captures Delhi.
• Muhammad Khilji, a general under the command of Qutb-ud-Din, sacks and burns Nalanda, India's greatest Buddhist university.
• Pope Celestine III calls for a crusade against pagans in Northern Europe.
• The Aztec civilization begins in Mexico.

[edit] Births

• March – William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby (d. 1254)
• Albertus Magnus, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1280)
• Altheides, Cypriot philosopher (d. 1262)
• Henri de Dreux, Archbishop of Reims (d. 1240)
• Frederick of Isenberg, German nobleman (d. 1226)
• Saint Juliana of Liège (d. 1252)
• Margaret of Scotland, Countess of Kent (d. 1259)

[edit] Deaths

A stone tortoise, thought to have been created in 1193, as a monument to a Jurchen general

• September 23 – Robert de Sable, was 11th Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1191 to 1193
• March 4 – Saladin, Sultan of the Kurdish Ayyubid dynasty of Egypt and Syria (b. c. 1138)
• June 27 – Robert FitzRalph, Bishop of Worcester
• December 23 – Saint Thorlak, patron saint of Iceland (b. 1133)
• Balian of Ibelin – noble of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem (b. early 1140s)
• Bruno III of Berg – Archbishop of Cologne and Duke of Westphalia
• Burgundio of Pisa – Italian scholar
• Düsum Khyenpa – 1st Gyalwa Karmapa (b. 1110)
• Matthew of Ajello – Sicilian noble
• Minamoto no Noriyori – Japanese general (b. 1156)
• Emperor Renzong of Western Xia – 5th emperor of the Western Xia dynasty (b. 1124)
• Richard de Redvers – 4th Earl of Devon
• Roger III of Sicily (b. 1175)
• Sultan Shah of Khwarezm

[edit] Heads of state

• England—Richard I King of England (reigned 1189–1199)
• France—Philippe II, Auguste King of France (reigned 1180–1223)
• Byzantine Empire—Isaac II Angelus (reigned 1185 to 1195, and 1203–1204)
• Pope—Celestine III (Pope 1191–1198)
• China—Emperor Guangzong of Song (reigned 1189–1194)