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České dráhy
	;
Locale	Czech Republic
Dates of operation	1993–present
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 81⁄2 in) (standard gauge), 760 mm (2 ft 57⁄8 in)
Headquarters	Prague
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České dráhy
Type	Public
Founded	Prague (2003)
Headquarters	Prague, Czech Republic
Industry	Railway company
Revenue	▲ 48,051 mil CZK (2006)
Operating income	▲ -527 mil CZK (2006)
Net income	▲ -449 mil CZK (2006)
Employees	60,594 (2006)
Website	www.ceskedrahy.cz

Czech Pendolino

Czech motorized regional unit - Regionova

České dráhy or Czech Railways (ČD or CD) is the main railway operator of the Czech Republic and provides passenger (till 30 November 2007 also freight) service via state owned rail tracks. It is a significant company in an international railway transport and a member of important European and world institutions, e.g. the International Railway Union, Community of European Railways and the Organization for Railways Cooperation (Asia and Europe).

The company was established in 1993, after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia as a successor of the Czechoslovak State Railways.

Until 1 July 2008, České dráhy was the biggest employer in the Czech Republic^[2]. After experiencing regular losses and requiring government subsidies^{[citation needed]}, the railway reported its first ever profit in 2007.^[3] Attempts to make it more efficient are currently on going and a recent plan to move passenger transport to an independent subsidiary was approved by the Czech government in January 2008.^[4]

[edit] Statistics (2006)

9,496 km of railway lines; 3,041 km electrificated (32%); 1,851 km double - and multiple-track
6,697 bridges
154 tunnels
180.939 mil passengers carried
6,887 mil passenger kilometer
89.621 mil tones of goods carried
16,445 mil tonne-kilometre

[edit] History

České dráhy is the result of more than 160 years of railway history in Bohemia. Historic milestones include:

1828: first horse drawn railway in Europe: České Budějovice - Linz
1839: first steam hauled railway: Vienna - Břeclav
1903: first standard gauge electrified railway track
1918: foundation of Československé státní dráhy (ČSD or CSD) (English: Czechoslovak state railways)
1991: first EuroCity (EC) trains run on ČSD railways
1993: foundation of České dráhy (ČD or CD) after break up of Czechoslovakia
1993: started renovation of backbone railways corridors
1994: started truck transportation ("RoLa") on ČD railways: Lovosice - Dresden (stopped in 2004)
2003: founding of České dráhy (Czech Railways), joint stock company^[5]
2005: tilting train Pendolino in regular service
2007: freight transport moved into subsidiary company ČD Cargo
2008: creation of CD Sky alliance between České dráhy and airline Sky Europe^[6]. Heavily indebted SkyEurope went bust in August 2009.

[edit] Rail links to adjacent countries

Same gauge
- Austria — voltage change 3 kV DC/15 kV AC
- Germany — voltage change 3 kV DC/15 kV AC
- Poland — same voltage 3 kV DC
- Slovakia — same voltage 3 kV DC

[edit] Freight services

ČD Cargo division is mainly focused on raw materials, intermediate goods and containers transport. Products transport is few flexible and competitive. Nevertheless ČD is fifth largest railway cargo operator in Europe.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: ČD Cargo

[edit] Rolling stock

3,059 locomotives (electric - 925, motorized - 1,130, electric motorized units - 113)
33,354 freight cars
4,274 passenger cars

[edit] See also

[edit] References

^ ^a ^b ^c Annual Report of the Ceské Dráhy Group for the Year 2006
^ PhDr. Zbyněk Zlinský. "SŽDC provozovatelem dráhy". http://www.vlaky.net/zeleznice/spravy/002552-SZDC-provozovatelem-drahy.asp. Retrieved 2008-07-01.
^ "Czech Railways Posts First Profit Ever". Prague Daily Monitor. 2008-01-14. http://www.praguemonitor.com/en/250/czech_business/17049/. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
^ Handl, Erich. "Government Approves Splitting off Passenger Transport from Czech Railways". Czech Business Weekly. http://www.cbw.cz/en/government-approves-splitting-off-passenger-transport-from-czech-railways/6599.html. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
^ "České dráhy, a.s. - About Us". http://www.cd.cz/static/eng/aboutus.htm. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
^ "Czech Railways to Sell SkyEurope Tickets at Stations". Prague Daily Monitor. 2008-01-24. http://www.praguemonitor.com/en/258/czech_business/17588/. Retrieved 2008-01-25.

[edit] External links

[AR-0] Annual Report of the Ceské Dráhy Group for the Year 2006

[1] PhDr. Zbyněk Zlinský. "SŽDC provozovatelem dráhy". http://www.vlaky.net/zeleznice/spravy/002552-SZDC-provozovatelem-drahy.asp. Retrieved 2008-07-01.

[2] "Czech Railways Posts First Profit Ever". Prague Daily Monitor. 2008-01-14. http://www.praguemonitor.com/en/250/czech_business/17049/. Retrieved 2008-01-25.

[3] Handl, Erich. "Government Approves Splitting off Passenger Transport from Czech Railways". Czech Business Weekly. http://www.cbw.cz/en/government-approves-splitting-off-passenger-transport-from-czech-railways/6599.html. Retrieved 2008-01-25.

[4] "České dráhy, a.s. - About Us". http://www.cd.cz/static/eng/aboutus.htm. Retrieved 2008-01-25.

[5] "Czech Railways to Sell SkyEurope Tickets at Stations". Prague Daily Monitor. 2008-01-24. http://www.praguemonitor.com/en/258/czech_business/17588/. Retrieved 2008-01-25.

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